Publications

    • ​Hoffmann DE, Langel FD, von Rosenvinge EC, Palumbo FB, Roghmann MC, Ravel J. Is the current regulatory framework for direct-to-consumer microbiome-based tests sufficient to protect consumers from medical, economic, and dignitary harms? J Law Biosci. 2025 Dec 24;12(2):lsaf024. doi: 10.1093/jlb/lsaf024. PMID: 41450770; PMCID: PMC12728816.

    • France MT, Chaudry I, Rutt L, Quain M, Shirtliff B, McComb E, Maros A, Alizadeh M, Hussain FA, Elovitz MA, Relman DA, Rahman A, Brotman RM, Price JT, Kassaro MP, Holm JB, Ma B, Ravel J. VIRGO2: an enhanced gene catalog of the vaginal microbiome provides insights into its functional and ecology complexity. Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 6. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-67136-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41353361.

    • Brown SE, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Observational Study Design and Intravaginal Product Use in Vaginal Microbiota Research (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Dec 4:S0002-9378(25)00897-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2025.12.021. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41352672.

    • Rojas-Vargas J, Wilcox H, Monari B, Gajer P, Zuanazzi D, Shouldice A, Parmar R, Haywood P, Tai V, Krakowsky Y, Potter E, Ravel J, Prodger JL. The neovaginal microbiota, symptoms, and local immune correlates in transfeminine individuals with penile inversion vaginoplasty. Cell Rep. 2025 Dec 23;44(12):116546. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116546. Epub 2025 Dec 5. PMID: 41352345.

    • Monari B, Wilcox H, Haywood P, Gajer P, Rojas-Vargas J, Zuanazzi D, Rutt L, Shouldice A, Parmar R, Waetjen LE, Krakowsky Y, Potter E, Prodger JL, Ravel J. The vaginal microbiota, symptoms, and local immune correlates in transmasculine individuals using sustained testosterone therapy. Cell Rep. 2025 Dec 23;44(12):116632. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116632. Epub 2025 Dec 5. PMID: 41352344.

    • Erchick DJ, Tuddenham S, Kan L, Wu LSF, Labrique AB, Ali H, Gough EK, Rashid M, Siddiqua TJ, Chakraborty S, Gajer P, France M, Ravel J, Yazdy GM, West KP, Christian P. Associations between Nugent-bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in rural northwestern Bangladesh. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2025 Dec 5. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.70691. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41347272.

    • ​Anton L, Cristancho AG, Ferguson B, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Cervicovaginal microbiome alters transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility signatures across cervicovaginal epithelial barriers. Microbiome. 2025 Nov 25;13(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02223-6. PMID: 41291883; PMCID: PMC12649077.

    • Chetty C, Mafunda N, Happel AU, Khan A, Cooley Demidkina B, Yende-Zuma N, Saidi Y, Mahabeer Polliah A, Lewis L, Osman F, Radebe P, Passmore JS, Kwon D, Ravel J, Ngcapu S, Liebenberg L, Symul L, Holmes S, Mitchell CM, Potloane D. Randomized trial of multi-strain Lactobacillus crispatus vaginal live biotherapeutic products after antibiotic therapy for bacterial vaginosis: study protocol for VIBRANT (vaginal lIve biotherapeutic RANdomized trial). Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2025 Sep 16;48:101554. doi: 10.1016/j.conctc.2025.101554. PMID: 41050878; PMCID: PMC12495413.

    • Mandell J, Caulfield LE, Talegawkar S, Mathad JS, Naik S, Alexander M, Shafiq M, Kulkarni V, Deshpande P, Mao YM, Humphreys MS, Ma B, Holm JB, Bhosale R, Ghanem KG, Kinikar A, Wang T, Wang S, Ravel J, Gupta A, Shivakoti R. Maternal anemia during pregnancy and its association with the gut microbiota profile in pregnant and postpartum women, and their infants: a cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025 Dec;122(6):1669-1678. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.035. Epub 2025 Sep 25. PMID: 41015193; PMCID: PMC12574691.

    • Ravel J, Simmons S, Jaswa EG, Gottfried S, Greene M, Kellogg-Spadt S, Gevers D, Harper DM. Impact of a multi-strain L. crispatus-based vaginal synbiotic on the vaginal microbiome: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Aug 9;11(1):158. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00788-6. PMID: 40783570; PMCID: PMC12335476.

    • Nelson KM, Minahan DJ, Edwards VL, Glomski IJ, Delgado Diaz DJ, Thomas K, Walker FC, Bavoil PM, Derré I, Criss AK, Ravel J, Gleghorn JP. A Microphysiologic Model of the Cervical Epithelium Recapitulates Microbial, Immunologic, and Pathogenic Properties of Sexually Transmitted Infections. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Jul 25:2025.07.21.665989. doi: 10.1101/2025.07.21.665989. PMID: 40777327; PMCID: PMC12330506.

    • ​Hasegawa Y, Swain O, Rajpal U, France MT, Ncube L, Yu H, Mogno I, Horowitz A, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Mobiluncus mulieris alters the transcriptomic profile of cervicovaginal epithelial cells, shedding light on molecular drivers of adverse reproductive outcomes. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Aug 8;11(1):154. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00784-w. PMID: 40775239; PMCID: PMC12331918.

    • Williams A, Ravel J, Armstrong E, Huibner S, Rutt L, Kaul R, Holm JB. Temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiome and host immune markers before, during, and after metronidazole treatment for bacterial vaginosis. mSystems. 2025 Jul 22;10(7):e0038025. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00380-25. Epub 2025 Jul 3. PMID: 40607829; PMCID: PMC12282074.

    • Kan L, Tuddenham S, Christian P, Massie A, Labrique AB, Wu L, Ali H, Rashid M, Gough E, Chakraborty S, France MT, Ravel J, West KP Jr, Erchick DJ. Factors associated with Nugent-bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy and postpartum among women in rural northwestern Bangladesh. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Jun 13;5(6):e0004768. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004768. PMID: 40512712; PMCID: PMC12165353.

    • Brown SE, He X, Magder L, Johnston ED, Morgan D, Ravel J, Mark K, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Bacterial Vaginosis Incidence Following a Single Hyperosmolal Vaginal Lubricant Exposure: A Comparison of Two Observational Cohorts. Sex Transm Dis. 2025 Oct 1;52(10):625-630. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002184. Epub 2025 May 26. PMID: 40417982; PMCID: PMC12278670.

    • Alizadeh M, Wong U, Siaton BC, France MT, Patil SA, George L, Hudhud D, Motwani K, Scott WH, Raufman JP, von Rosenvinge EC, Cross RK, Ravel J. The intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in IBD-associated arthritis displays lower relative abundance of Roseburia intestinalis. Gut Microbes. 2025 Dec;17(1):2505114. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2505114. Epub 2025 May 18. PMID: 40382763; PMCID: PMC12087651.

    • Saidi F, Graybill LA, Tang JH, Phanga T, Milala B, Banda G, Kamija M, Kasaro M, Mutale W, Price J, Chinula L, Stringer J, Hosseinipour MC, Chi BH, Ravel J, Holm JB. Effect of initiation of antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention or treatment on the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women in Malawi. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Apr 26;11(1):67. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00697-8. PMID: 40287413; PMCID: PMC12033299.

    • Bindels LB, Watts JEM, Theis KR, Carrion VJ, Ossowicki A, Seifert J, Oh J, Shao Y, Hilty M, Kumar P, Hildebrand F, Lovejoy C, Wigley P, Yu K, Zhang M, Zhang T, Walter J, Desai MS, Huws SA, Schriml LM, Ravel J, Fricke WF, Eloe- Fadrosh EA, Lee CK, Clavel T. A blueprint for contemporary studies of microbiomes. Microbiome. 2025 Apr 8;13(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02091-0. PMID: 40200306; PMCID: PMC11977902.

    • Williams A, Ravel J, Kaul R, Armstrong E, Huibner S, Holm JB. Temporal Dynamics of the Vaginal Microbiome and Host Immune Markers Before, During, and After Metronidazole Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Mar 14:2025.03.13.643085. doi: 10.1101/2025.03.13.643085. Update in: mSystems. 2025 Jul 22;10(7):e0038025. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00380-25. PMID: 40161639; PMCID: PMC11952498.

    • Kamiya T, Tessandier N, Elie B, Bernat C, Boué V, Grasset S, Groc S, Rahmoun M, Selinger C, Humphrys MS, Bonneau M, Graf C, Foulongne V, Reynes J, Tribout V, Segondy M, Boulle N, Ravel J, Lía Murall C, Alizon S. Factors shaping vaginal microbiota long-term community dynamics in young adult women. Peer Community J. 2025 Mar 12;5:pcjournal.527. doi: 10.24072/pcjournal.527. PMID: 40098898; PMCID: PMC7617500.

    • Brown SE, He X, Magder L, Stennett CA, Robbins SJ, Morgan D, Johnston E, Ravel J, Mark K, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Prevalence of Amsel-Defined Bacterial Vaginosis Before and After Transvaginal Ultrasound With Lubricant Application. Sex Transm Dis. 2025 Oct 1;52(10):e71-e73. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000002158. Epub 2025 Mar 14. PMID: 40085445; PMCID: PMC12278607.

    • Kullin BR, Gitome S, Happel AU, Pidwell T, Lefevre M, Madikida A, Wekesa P, Mahlangu K, Ochieng J, Awili L, Agolla W, Otieno R, Mutharimi A, Ganief Y, Daniels R, Chicken A, Welp K, Livingstone H, Swanepoel C, Claassen-Weitz S, Kanyoka P, Ravel J, Humphrys M, Bilski L, Mulder N, Bekker LG, Gill K, Jaspan H, Bukusi EA, Passmore JS. Vaginal Microbiome Research Consortium for Africa: study protocol of a multicentre prospective clinical study to evaluate temporal vaginal microbial composition associated with maintenance of reproductive health in women in South Africa and Kenya. BMJ Open. 2025 Feb 22;15(2):e090938. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090938. PMID: 39987010; PMCID: PMC11848679.

    • Deming ME, Brown ER, McArthur MA, Schrag SJ, Arvay M, Humphrys M, Ravel J, Adelglass J, Essink B, Musante DB, Maguire R, Gorman R, Formentini E, Mason R, Robb ML, Neuzil KM, Rapaka RR, Wolff P, Kotloff KL; SNIFF study team. Vaccine efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 against SARS-CoV-2 infection in adolescents in the USA: an ancillary study to a phase 3, observer-blinded, randomised, placebo- controlled trial. Lancet Microbe. 2025 Apr;6(4):100984. doi: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100984. Epub 2025 Jan 27. PMID: 39884302; PMCID: PMC12383606.

    • Brown SE, He X, Magder L, Stennett CA, Robbins SJ, Johnston ED, Morgan D, Ghanem KG, Ravel J, Mark K, Brotman RM. Assessment of the vaginal microbiota before and after use of hyperosmolal lubricant during transvaginal ultrasound. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Jul;233(1):42.e1-42.e27. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.12.016. Epub 2024 Dec 16. PMID: 39694166; PMCID: PMC12167751.

    • Joos R, Boucher K, Lavelle A, Arumugam M, Blaser MJ, Claesson MJ, Clarke G, Cotter PD, De Sordi L, Dominguez-Bello MG, Dutilh BE, Ehrlich SD, Ghosh TS, Hill C, Junot C, Lahti L, Lawley TD, Licht TR, Maguin E, Makhalanyane TP, Marchesi JR, Matthijnssens J, Raes J, Ravel J, Salonen A, Scanlan PD, Shkoporov A, Stanton C, Thiele I, Tolstoy I, Walter J, Yang B, Yutin N, Zhernakova A, Zwart H; Human Microbiome Action Consortium; Doré J, Ross RP. Examining the healthy human microbiome concept. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2025 Mar;23(3):192-205. doi: 10.1038/s41579-024-01107-0. Epub 2024 Oct 23. Erratum in: Nat Rev Microbiol. 2025 Mar;23(3):206. doi: 10.1038/s41579-024-01145-8. PMID: 39443812.

    • ​Holm JB, Gajer P, Ravel J. SpeciateIT and vSpeciateDB: novel, fast, and accurate per sequence 16S rRNA gene taxonomic classification of vaginal microbiota. BMC Bioinformatics. 2024 Sep 27;25(1):313. doi: 10.1186/s12859-024-05930-3. PMID: 39333850; PMCID: PMC11437924.

    • Tamarelle J, Thiébaut ACM, de Barbeyrac B, Bébéar C, Bourret A, Fauconnier A, Ravel J, Delarocque-Astagneau E; i-Predict study group. Vaginal microbiota stability over 18 months in young student women in France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2024 Dec;43(12):2277-2292. doi: 10.1007/s10096-024-04943-3. Epub 2024 Sep 20. PMID: 39302529.

    • Pelayo P, Hussain FA, Werlang CA, Wu CM, Woolston BM, Xiang CM, Rutt L, France MT, Ravel J, Ribbeck K, Kwon DS, Balskus EP. Prevotella are major contributors of sialidases in the human vaginal microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Sep 3;121(36):e2400341121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2400341121. Epub 2024 Aug 26. PMID: 39186657; PMCID: PMC11388281.

    • Tuddenham S, Gajer P, Holm JB, Brown SE, Forney L, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Comparison of shipping versus immediate freezer storage of vaginal samples for vaginal microbiota assessment. Sex Transm Infect. 2024 Aug 19;100(6):368-370. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2023-056100. PMID: 38960602; PMCID: PMC11356182.

    • Alizadeh M, Wong U, Siaton BC, Patil SA, George L, Raufman JP, Scott WH, von Rosenvinge EC, Ravel J, Cross RK. Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Arthritis Is Associated with Concomitant Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders. Dig Dis Sci. 2024 Aug;69(8):2961-2969. doi: 10.1007/s10620-024-08478-7. Epub 2024 Jun 20. PMID: 38902460.

    • Stennett CA, France M, Shardell M, Robbins SJ, Brown SE, Johnston ED, Mark K, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Longitudinal profiles of the vaginal microbiota of pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women: preliminary insights from a secondary data analysis. Menopause. 2024 Jun 1;31(6):537-545. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002358. PMID: 38787353; PMCID: PMC11886898.

    • Schaefer A, Yang B, Schroeder HA, Harit D, Humphry MS, Zeitlin L, Whaley KJ, Ravel J, Fischer WA, Lai SK. ZMapp reduces diffusion of Ebola viral particles in fresh human cervicovaginal mucus. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2024 Dec;13(1):2352520. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2352520. Epub 2024 May 16. PMID: 38713593; PMCID: PMC11100441.

    • Powell AM, Khan FZA, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Untangling Associations of Microbiomes of Pregnancy and Preterm Birth. Clin Perinatol. 2024 Jun;51(2):425-439. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Mar 15. PMID: 38705650; PMCID: PMC11070640.

    • Mauck C, Thurman A, Jensen JT, Schreiber CA, Baker J, Hou MY, Chavoustie S, Dart C, Wu H, Ravel J, Gajer P, Herold BC, Jacot T, Zack N, Hatheway J, Friend D. Safety testing of Ovaprene: An investigational nonhormonal monthly vaginal contraceptive. Contraception. 2024 Jul;135:110440. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2024.110440. Epub 2024 Mar 27. PMID: 38552818.

    • Joseph A, Anton L, Guan Y, Ferguson B, Mirro I, Meng N, France M, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Extracellular vesicles from vaginal Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus mulieris contain distinct proteomic cargo and induce inflammatory pathways. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2024 Mar 21;10(1):28. doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00502-y. PMID: 38514622; PMCID: PMC10957959.

    • Hoffmann DE, von Rosenvinge EC, Roghmann MC, Palumbo FB, McDonald D, Ravel J. The DTC microbiome testing industry needs more regulation. Science. 2024 Mar 15;383(6688):1176-1179. doi: 10.1126/science.adk4271. Epub 2024 Mar 14. PMID: 38484067.

    • Alizadeh M, Wong U, Siaton BC, Patil SA, George L, Raufman JP, Scott WH, von Rosenvinge EC, Ravel J, Cross RK. ExpLOring the role of the intestinal MiCrobiome in InflammATory bowel disease-AssocIated SpONdylarthritis (LOCATION- IBD). Heliyon. 2024 Feb 18;10(4):e26571. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26571. PMID: 38420375; PMCID: PMC10900801.

    • Carter KA, France MT, Rutt L, Bilski L, Martinez-Greiwe S, Regan M, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Sexual transmission of urogenital bacteria: whole metagenome sequencing evidence from a sexual network study. mSphere. 2024 Mar 26;9(3):e0003024. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00030-24. Epub 2024 Feb 15. PMID: 38358269; PMCID: PMC10964427.

    • Holm JB, France MT, Gajer P, Ma B, Brotman RM, Shardell M, Forney L, Ravel J. Correction: Integrating compositional and functional content to describe vaginal microbiomes in health and disease. Microbiome. 2024 Feb 6;12(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01765-5. Erratum for: Microbiome. 2023 Nov 30;11(1):259. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01692-x. PMID: 38321533; PMCID: PMC10845452.

    • Robbins SJ, Brown SE, Stennett CA, Tuddenham S, Johnston ED, Wnorowski AM, Ravel J, He X, Mark KS, Brotman RM. Uterine fibroids and longitudinal profiles of the vaginal microbiota in a cohort presenting for transvaginal ultrasound. PLoS One. 2024 Feb 5;19(2):e0296346. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296346. PMID: 38315688; PMCID: PMC10843103.

    • Klasner C, Macintyre AN, Brown SE, Bavoil P, Ghanem KG, Nylander E, Ravel J, Tuddenham S, Brotman RM. A Narrative Review on Spontaneous Clearance of Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis: Host, Microbiome, and Pathogen-Related Factors. Sex Transm Dis. 2024 Feb 1;51(2):112-117. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001905. Epub 2023 Nov 25. PMID: 38290156; PMCID: PMC11017733.

    • Burris HH, Yang N, Riis V, Valeri L, South EC, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. The role of neighborhood deprivation in the cervicovaginal microbiota. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2024 Mar;6(3):101291. doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101291. Epub 2024 Jan 19. PMID: 38246324; PMCID: PMC10948309.

    • Alizadeh M, Motwani K, Siaton BC, Abutaleb A, Ravel J, Cross RK; SPARC-IBD Investigators. Factors Associated With Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in SPARC-IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2024 Nov 4;30(11):2027-2036. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izad280. Erratum in: Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2025 Jun 13;31(6):1759. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izae217. PMID: 38102817; PMCID: PMC11532592.

    • Alizadeh M, Sampaio Moura N, Schledwitz A, Patil SA, El-Serag H, Ravel J, Raufman JP. A Practical Guide to Evaluating and Using Big Data in Digestive Disease Research. Gastroenterology. 2024 Feb;166(2):240-247. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.11.292. Epub 2023 Dec 3. PMID: 38052336; PMCID: PMC10872385.

    • Alizadeh M, Sampaio Moura N, Schledwitz A, Patil SA, Ravel J, Raufman JP. Gastroenterology Fellowship and Postdoctoral Training in Omics and Statistics- Part II: How Can It Be Achieved? Dig Dis Sci. 2024 Jan;69(1):22-26. doi: 10.1007/s10620-023-08149-z. Epub 2023 Nov 2. PMID: 37919515; PMCID: PMC10876148.

    • Alizadeh M, Sampaio Moura N, Schledwitz A, Patil SA, Ravel J, Raufman JP. Gastroenterology Fellowship and Postdoctoral Training in Omics and Statistics- Part I: Why Is It Needed? Dig Dis Sci. 2024 Jan;69(1):18-21. doi: 10.1007/s10620-023-08136-4. Epub 2023 Nov 2. PMID: 37919514; PMCID: PMC10878129.

    • ​McCoy JA, Burris HH, Gerson KD, McCarthy C, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Cervicovaginal Microbial-Immune State and Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnancy. Am J Perinatol. 2024 May;41(S 01):e2539-e2546. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1772226. Epub 2023 Aug 9. PMID: 37557898; PMCID: PMC10853487.

    • ​Holm JB, France MT, Gajer P, Ma B, Brotman RM, Shardell M, Forney L, Ravel J. Integrating compositional and functional content to describe vaginal microbiomes in health and disease. Microbiome. 2023 Nov 30;11(1):259. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01692-x. Erratum in: Microbiome. 2024 Feb 6;12(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01765-5. PMID: 38031142; PMCID: PMC10688475.

    • Symul L, Jeganathan P, Costello EK, France M, Bloom SM, Kwon DS, Ravel J, Relman DA, Holmes S. Sub-communities of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Proc Biol Sci. 2023 Nov 29;290(2011):20231461. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1461. Epub 2023 Nov 29. PMID: 38018105; PMCID: PMC10685114.

    • Lantz AM, Cottrell ML, Corbett AH, Chinula L, Kourtis AP, Nelson JAE, Tegha G, Hurst S, Gajer P, Ravel J, Haddad LB, Tang JH, Nicol MR. Vaginal microbiome, antiretroviral concentrations, and HIV genital shedding in the setting of hormonal contraception initiation in Malawi. AIDS. 2023 Nov 15;37(14):2185-2190. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003686. Epub 2023 Aug 9. PMID: 37877275; PMCID: PMC10605758.

    • Waetjen LE, Crawford SL, Gajer P, Brooks MM, Gold EB, Reed BD, Hess R, Ravel J. Relationships between the vaginal microbiota and genitourinary syndrome of menopause symptoms in postmenopausal women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Menopause. 2023 Nov 1;30(11):1073-1084. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002263. Epub 2023 Oct 2. PMID: 37788422; PMCID: PMC10615695.

    • Hallarn J, Bauer GR, Potter E, Wilcox H, Newfeld J, Krakowsky Y, Ravel J, Prodger JL. Gynecological concerns and vaginal practices and exposures among transfeminine individuals who have undergone vaginoplasty. J Sex Med. 2023 Oct 31;20(11):1344-1352. doi: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad109. PMID: 37700562; PMCID: PMC10627778.

    • Lee CY, Diegel J, France MT, Ravel J, Arnold KB. Evaluation of vaginal microbiome equilibrium states identifies microbial parameters linked to resilience after menses and antibiotic therapy. PLoS Comput Biol. 2023 Aug 11;19(8):e1011295. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011295. PMID: 37566641; PMCID: PMC10446192.

    • Jenkins DJ, Woolston BM, Hood-Pishchany MI, Pelayo P, Konopaski AN, Quinn Peters M, France MT, Ravel J, Mitchell CM, Rakoff-Nahoum S, Whidbey C, Balskus EP. Bacterial amylases enable glycogen degradation by the vaginal microbiome. Nat Microbiol. 2023 Sep;8(9):1641-1652. doi: 10.1038/s41564-023-01447-2. Epub 2023 Aug 10. PMID: 37563289; PMCID: PMC10465358.

    • Schaefer A, Yang B, Schroeder HA, Harit D, Humphry MS, Ravel J, Lai SK. Broadly neutralizing antibodies consistently trap HIV-1 in fresh cervicovaginal mucus from select individuals. Acta Biomater. 2023 Oct 1;169:387-397. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.031. Epub 2023 Jul 26. PMID: 37499728; PMCID: PMC10619885.

    • Romero R, Theis KR, Gomez-Lopez N, Winters AD, Panzer JJ, Lin H, Galaz J, Greenberg JM, Shaffer Z, Kracht DJ, Chaiworapongsa T, Jung E, Gotsch F, Ravel J, Peddada SD, Tarca AL. The Vaginal Microbiota of Pregnant Women Varies with Gestational Age, Maternal Age, and Parity. Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Aug 17;11(4):e0342922. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03429-22. Epub 2023 Jul 24. PMID: 37486223; PMCID: PMC10434204.

    • Oyebode IH, Just AC, Ravel J, Elovitz MA, Burris HH. Impact of exposure to air pollution on cervicovaginal microbial communities. Environ Res. 2023 Sep 15;233:116492. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116492. Epub 2023 Jun 22. PMID: 37354930; PMCID: PMC10527781.

    • Borgogna JC, Grace SG, Holm JB, Aviles Zuniga T, Kadriu H, He X, McCoski SR, Ravel J, Brotman RM, Yeoman CJ. Investigating the impact of condomless vaginal intercourse and lubricant use on the vaginal metabolome: a pre-post observational study. Sex Transm Infect. 2023 Nov;99(7):489-496. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2022-055667. Epub 2023 May 31. PMID: 37258272; PMCID: PMC11174154.

    • Holm JB, Carter KA, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Lactobacillus iners and genital health: molecular clues to an enigmatic vaginal species. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2023 Apr;25(4):67-75. doi: 10.1007/s11908-023-00798-5. Epub 2023 Mar 7. PMID: 37234911; PMCID: PMC10209668.

    • Tuddenham S, Shafiq M, Mathad JS, Alexander M, Naik S, Kulkarni V, Deshpande P, Humphrys MS, Holm JB, Khan N, Yadana S, Cheedalla A, Bhosale R, Ghanem KG, Wang T, Wang S, Ma B, Ravel J, Gupta A, Shivakoti R. Association of Pregnancy and HIV Status With Molecular-Bacterial Vaginosis in Indian Women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2023 Aug 15;93(5):422-430. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003215. PMID: 37155962; PMCID: PMC10524256.

    • Alizadeh M, Sampaio Moura N, Schledwitz A, Patil SA, Ravel J, Raufman JP. Big Data in Gastroenterology Research. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 27;24(3):2458. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032458. PMID: 36768780; PMCID: PMC9916510.

    • Armstrong E, Hemmerling A, Joag V, Huibner S, Kulikova M, Crawford E, Castañeda GR, Anzala O, Obila O, Shahabi K, Ravel J, Coburn B, Cohen CR, Kaul R. Treatment Success Following Standard Antibiotic Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Is Not Associated With Pretreatment Genital Immune or Microbial Parameters. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Jan 7;10(1):ofad007. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad007. PMID: 36726539; PMCID: PMC9887266.

    • Elsasser TH, Ma B, Ravel J, Kahl S, Gajer P, Cross A. Short-term feeding of defatted bovine colostrum mitigates inflammation in the gut via changes in metabolites and microbiota in a chicken animal model. Anim Microbiome. 2023 Jan 26;5(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s42523-023-00225-z. PMID: 36703224; PMCID: PMC9878500.

    • Haddad LB, Tang JH, Davis NL, Kourtis AP, Chinula L, Msika A, Tegha G, Hosseinipour MC, Nelson JAE, Hobbs MM, Gajer P, Ravel J, De Paris K. Influence of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and HIV on Cervicovaginal Cytokines and Microbiota in Malawi. mSphere. 2023 Feb 21;8(1):e0058522. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00585-22. Epub 2023 Jan 9. PMID: 36622252; PMCID: PMC9942570.

    • Tuddenham S, Gajer P, Burke AE, Murphy C, Klein SL, Stennett CA, Wilgus B, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Lactobacillus-dominance and rapid stabilization of vaginal microbiota in combined oral contraceptive pill users examined through a longitudinal cohort study with frequent vaginal sampling over two years. EBioMedicine. 2023 Jan;87:104407. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104407. Epub 2022 Dec 16. PMID: 36529102; PMCID: PMC9792759.

    • Tessandier N, Uysal IB, Elie B, Selinger C, Bernat C, Boué V, Grasset S, Groc S, Rahmoun M, Reyné B, Bender N, Bonneau M, Graf C, Tribout V, Foulongne V, Ravel J, Waterboer T, Hirtz C, Bravo IG, Reynes J, Segondy M, Murall CL, Boulle N, Kamiya T, Alizon S. Does exposure to different menstrual products affect the vaginal environment? Mol Ecol. 2023 May;32(10):2592-2601. doi: 10.1111/mec.16678. Epub 2022 Oct 4. PMID: 36057782.

    • ​Brown SE, He X, Shardell MD, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Zenilman JM, Brotman RM. Douching cessation and molecular bacterial vaginosis: a reanalysis of archived specimens. Sex Transm Infect. 2023 May;99(3):156-161. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2022-055459. Epub 2022 May 30. PMID: 35636931; PMCID: PMC9708945.

    • ​Mahajan G, Doherty E, To T, Sutherland A, Grant J, Junaid A, Gulati A, LoGrande N, Izadifar Z, Timilsina SS, Horváth V, Plebani R, France M, Hood- Pishchany I, Rakoff-Nahoum S, Kwon DS, Goyal G, Prantil-Baun R, Ravel J, Ingber DE. Vaginal microbiome-host interactions modeled in a human vagina-on-a-chip. Microbiome. 2022 Nov 26;10(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01400-1. PMID: 36434666; PMCID: PMC9701078.

    • France M, Ma B, Ravel J. Persistence and In Vivo Evolution of Vaginal Bacterial Strains over a Multiyear Time Period. mSystems. 2022 Dec 20;7(6):e0089322. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00893-22. Epub 2022 Nov 22. PMID: 36413016; PMCID: PMC9764964.

    • Tyssen D, Hearps AC, Guntur K, Masson L, Cook S, Moulton SE, Ravel J, Bradshaw CS, Ayehunie S, Tachedjian G. The Impact of Over-The-Counter Lactic Acid Containing Vaginal Gels on the Integrity and Inflammatory State of the Vaginal Epithelium in vitro. Front Reprod Health. 2022 Jun 23;4:915948. doi: 10.3389/frph.2022.915948. PMID: 36303665; PMCID: PMC9580709.

    • France MT, Brown SE, Rompalo AM, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Identification of shared bacterial strains in the vaginal microbiota of related and unrelated reproductive-age mothers and daughters using genome-resolved metagenomics. PLoS One. 2022 Oct 26;17(10):e0275908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275908. PMID: 36288274; PMCID: PMC9604009.

    • Uysal IB, Boué V, Murall CL, Graf C, Selinger C, Hirtz C, Bernat C, Ravel J, Reynes J, Bonneau M, Rahmoun M, Segondy M, Boulle N, Grasset S, Groc S, Waterboer T, Tribout V, Bravo IG, Burrel S, Foulongne V, Alizon S, Tessandier N. Concomitant and productive genital infections by HSV-2 and HPV in two young women: A case report. IDCases. 2022 Aug 19;30:e01604. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01604. PMID: 36119756; PMCID: PMC9478384.

    • Tessandier N, Uysal IB, Elie B, Selinger C, Bernat C, Boué V, Grasset S, Groc S, Rahmoun M, Reyné B, Bender N, Bonneau M, Graf C, Tribout V, Foulongne V, Ravel J, Waterboer T, Hirtz C, Bravo IG, Reynes J, Segondy M, Murall CL, Boulle N, Kamiya T, Alizon S. Does exposure to different menstrual products affect the vaginal environment? Mol Ecol. 2023 May;32(10):2592-2601. doi: 10.1111/mec.16678. Epub 2022 Oct 4. PMID: 36057782.

    • Delgado-Diaz DJ, Jesaveluk B, Hayward JA, Tyssen D, Alisoltani A, Potgieter M, Bell L, Ross E, Iranzadeh A, Allali I, Dabee S, Barnabas S, Gamieldien H, Blackburn JM, Mulder N, Smith SB, Edwards VL, Burgener AD, Bekker LG, Ravel J, Passmore JS, Masson L, Hearps AC, Tachedjian G. Lactic acid from vaginal microbiota enhances cervicovaginal epithelial barrier integrity by promoting tight junction protein expression. Microbiome. 2022 Aug 31;10(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01337-5. PMID: 36045402; PMCID: PMC9429363.

    • Goedert JJ, Wu Z, Yonehara CH, Frankland TB, Sinha R, Jones GS, Wan Y, Ravel J, Zhao N, Honda SA. Reusing a prepaid health plan's fecal immunochemical tests for microbiome associations with colorectal adenoma. Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 31;12(1):14801. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18870-w. PMID: 36045142; PMCID: PMC9433441.

    • Ravel JM, Comel M, Wandzel M, Bronner M, Tatopoulos A, Renaud M, Lambert L, Bursztejn AC, Bonnet C. First report of a short in-frame biallelic deletion removing part of the EGF-like domain calcium-binding motif in LTBP4 and causing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1C. Am J Med Genet A. 2022 Nov;188(11):3343-3349. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62954. Epub 2022 Aug 16. PMID: 35972031; PMCID: PMC9805176.

    • Tamarelle J, Shardell MD, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Factors Associated With Incidence and Spontaneous Clearance of Molecular-Bacterial Vaginosis: Results From a Longitudinal Frequent-Sampling Observational Study. Sex Transm Dis. 2022 Sep 1;49(9):649-656. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001662. Epub 2022 Jun 21. PMID: 35969846; PMCID: PMC9387550.

    • Edwards VL, McComb E, Gleghorn JP, Forney L, Bavoil PM, Ravel J. Three- dimensional models of the cervicovaginal epithelia to study host-microbiome interactions and sexually transmitted infections. Pathog Dis. 2022 Aug 27;80(1):ftac026. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftac026. PMID: 35927516; PMCID: PMC9419571.

    • France MT, Clifford J, Narina S, Rutt L, Ravel J. Complete Genome Sequences of Ezakiella coagulans C0061C1 and Fenollaria massiliensis C0061C2. Microbiol Resour Announc. 2022 Jul 21;11(7):e0044422. doi: 10.1128/mra.00444-22. Epub 2022 Jul 5. PMID: 35861554; PMCID: PMC9302094.

    • Durski M, Ravel J, Spautz ACPG, Carvalho NS, Silva MG, Marconi C. Comparison of two microscopic interpretations of vaginal microbiota with molecular profiling. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022 Sep;104(1):115728. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115728. Epub 2022 May 26. PMID: 35780749.

    • Ma B, Sundararajan S, Nadimpalli G, France M, McComb E, Rutt L, Lemme-Dumit JM, Janofsky E, Roskes LS, Gajer P, Fu L, Yang H, Humphrys M, Tallon LJ, Sadzewicz L, Pasetti MF, Ravel J, Viscardi RM. Highly Specialized Carbohydrate Metabolism Capability in Bifidobacterium Strains Associated with Intestinal Barrier Maturation in Early Preterm Infants. mBio. 2022 Jun 28;13(3):e0129922. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01299-22. Epub 2022 Jun 13. PMID: 35695455; PMCID: PMC9239261.

    • Fricke WF, Ravel J. More data needed on neonatal microbiome seeding. Microbiome. 2022 Jun 10;10(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01282-3. PMID: 35689294; PMCID: PMC9185944.

    • Gerson KD, Anton L, Ferguson B, Ravel J, Burris HH, Elovitz MA. Gardnerella vaginalis induces matrix metalloproteinases in the cervicovaginal epithelium through TLR-2 activation. J Reprod Immunol. 2022 Aug;152:103648. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103648. Epub 2022 May 23. PMID: 35679790; PMCID: PMC9313515.

    • Price JT, Vwalika B, France M, Ravel J, Ma B, Mwape H, Rittenhouse KJ, De Paris K, Hobbs M, Nelson JA, Kasaro MP, Stringer EM, Stringer JSA. HIV- associated vaginal microbiome and inflammation predict spontaneous preterm birth in Zambia. Sci Rep. 2022 May 20;12(1):8573. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12424-w. PMID: 35595739; PMCID: PMC9123167.

    • Gerson KD, Yang N, Anton L, Levy M, Ravel J, Elovitz MA, Burris HH. Second trimester short cervix is associated with decreased abundance of cervicovaginal lipid metabolites. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Aug;227(2):273.e1-273.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.04.031. Epub 2022 Apr 22. PMID: 35469813; PMCID: PMC9382664.

    • Thurman AR, Ravel J, Gajer P, Marzinke MA, Ouattara LA, Jacot T, Peet MM, Clark MR, Doncel GF. Vaginal Microbiota and Mucosal Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Healthy Women Using a 90-Day Tenofovir/Levonorgestrel Vaginal Ring. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 8;12:799501. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.799501. PMID: 35350436; PMCID: PMC8957918.

    • Lemme-Dumit JM, Song Y, Lwin HW, Hernandez-Chavez C, Sundararajan S, Viscardi RM, Ravel J, Pasetti MF, Ma B. Altered Gut Microbiome and Fecal Immune Phenotype in Early Preterm Infants With Leaky Gut. Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 23;13:815046. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815046. PMID: 35280991; PMCID: PMC8905226.

    • France M, Alizadeh M, Brown S, Ma B, Ravel J. Towards a deeper understanding of the vaginal microbiota. Nat Microbiol. 2022 Mar;7(3):367-378. doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01083-2. Epub 2022 Mar 4. PMID: 35246662; PMCID: PMC8910585.

    • France MT, Fu L, Rutt L, Yang H, Humphrys MS, Narina S, Gajer PM, Ma B, Forney LJ, Ravel J. Insight into the ecology of vaginal bacteria through integrative analyses of metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data. Genome Biol. 2022 Mar 1;23(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s13059-022-02635-9. PMID: 35232471; PMCID: PMC8886902.

    • ​Marques PX, Wand H, Nandy M, Tan C, Shou H, Terplan M, Mark K, Brotman RM, Wilson DP, Ravel J, Hsia RC, Bavoil PM. Serum antibodies to surface proteins of Chlamydia trachomatis as candidate biomarkers of disease: results from the Baltimore Chlamydia Adolescent/Young Adult Reproductive Management (CHARM) cohort. FEMS Microbes. 2022 Feb 28;3:xtac004. doi: 10.1093/femsmc/xtac004. PMID: 37332497; PMCID: PMC10117858.

    • Krakowsky Y, Potter E, Hallarn J, Monari B, Wilcox H, Bauer G, Ravel J, Prodger JL. The Effect of Gender-Affirming Medical Care on the Vaginal and Neovaginal Microbiomes of Transgender and Gender-Diverse People. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jan 21;11:769950. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769950. PMID: 35127550; PMCID: PMC8814107.

    • Ferreira CST, Marconi C, Parada CMGL, Ravel J, da Silva MG. Sialidase Activity in the Cervicovaginal Fluid Is Associated With Changes in Bacterial Components of Lactobacillus-Deprived Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jan 13;11:813520. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.813520. PMID: 35096658; PMCID: PMC8793624.

    • Andrade Pessoa Morales J, Marconi C, El-Zein M, Ravel J, da Silva Pinto GV, Silveira R, Lima MD, de Carvalho NS, Alves RRF, de Lima Parada CMG, Leite SHM, Villa LL, Franco EL, da Silva MG. Vaginal Microbiome Components as Correlates of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection. J Infect Dis. 2022 Sep 21;226(6):1084-1097. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab547. PMID: 34718662.

    • Novak J, Ravel J, Ma B, Ferreira CST, Tristão ADR, Silva MG, Marconi C. Characteristics associated with Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota. Sex Transm Infect. 2022 Aug;98(5):353-359. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054824. Epub 2021 Sep 8. PMID: 34497114.

    • Feder KA, Patel A, Vepachedu VR, Dominguez C, Keller EN, Klein L, Kim C, Blood T, Hyun J, Williams TW, Feldman KA, Mostafa HH, Morris CP, Ravel J, Duwell M, Blythe D, Myers R. Association of E484K Spike Protein Mutation With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Vaccinated Persons: Maryland, January-May 2021. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 10;74(11):2053-2056. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab762. PMID: 34473242; PMCID: PMC8522365.

    • ​Krakowsky Y, Potter E, Hallarn J, Monari B, Wilcox H, Bauer G, Ravel J, Prodger JL. The Effect of Gender-Affirming Medical Care on the Vaginal and Neovaginal Microbiomes of Transgender and Gender-Diverse People. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jan 21;11:769950. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769950. PMID: 35127550; PMCID: PMC8814107.

    • Ferreira CST, Marconi C, Parada CMGL, Ravel J, da Silva MG. Sialidase Activity in the Cervicovaginal Fluid Is Associated With Changes in Bacterial Components of Lactobacillus-Deprived Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jan 13;11:813520. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.813520. PMID: 35096658; PMCID: PMC8793624.

    • Borgogna JC, Anastario M, Firemoon P, Rink E, Ricker A, Ravel J, Brotman RM, Yeoman CJ. Vaginal microbiota of American Indian women and associations with measures of psychosocial stress. PLoS One. 2021 Dec 10;16(12):e0260813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260813. PMID: 34890405; PMCID: PMC8664215.

    • Gerson KD, Liao J, McCarthy C, Burris HH, Korem T, Levy M, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. A non-optimal cervicovaginal microbiota in pregnancy is associated with a distinct metabolomic signature among non-Hispanic Black individuals. Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 23;11(1):22794. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02304-0. PMID: 34815499; PMCID: PMC8611022.

    • Jašarević E, Hill EM, Kane PJ, Rutt L, Gyles T, Folts L, Rock KD, Howard CD, Morrison KE, Ravel J, Bale TL. The composition of human vaginal microbiota transferred at birth affects offspring health in a mouse model. Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 1;12(1):6289. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26634-9. PMID: 34725359; PMCID: PMC8560944.

    • Mtshali A, San JE, Osman F, Garrett N, Balle C, Giandhari J, Onywera H, Mngomezulu K, Mzobe G, de Oliveira T, Rompalo A, Mindel A, Abdool Karim SS, Ravel J, Passmore JS, Abdool Karim Q, Jaspan HB, Liebenberg LJP, Ngcapu S. Temporal Changes in Vaginal Microbiota and Genital Tract Cytokines Among South African Women Treated for Bacterial Vaginosis. Front Immunol. 2021 Sep 14;12:730986. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730986. PMID: 34594336; PMCID: PMC8477043.

    • Tuddenham S, Stennett CA, Cone RA, Ravel J, Macintyre AN, Ghanem KG, He X, Brotman RM. Vaginal cytokine profile and microbiota before and after lubricant use compared with condomless vaginal sex: a preliminary observational study. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 18;21(1):973. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06512-x. PMID: 34537015; PMCID: PMC8449901.

    • •​Trent M, Perin J, Rowell J, Shah M, Anders J, Matson P, Brotman RM, Ravel J, Sharps P, Rothman R, Yusuf HE, Gaydos CA. Using Innovation to Address Adolescent and Young Adult Health Disparities in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Design of the Technology Enhanced Community Health Precision Nursing (TECH-PN) Trial. J Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 16;224(12 Suppl 2):S145-S151. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab157. PMID: 34396402; PMCID: PMC8365117.

    • El Hage J, Gravitt P, Ravel J, Lahrichi N, Gralla E. Supporting scale-up of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing processes with discrete event simulation. PLoS One. 2021 Jul 29;16(7):e0255214. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255214. PMID: 34324577; PMCID: PMC8321135.

    • Brown SE, Robinson CK, Shardell MD, Holm JB, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Assessing the Concordance Between Urogenital and Vaginal Microbiota: Can Urine Specimens Be Used as a Proxy for Vaginal Samples? Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Jun 29;11:671413. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.671413. PMID: 34268137; PMCID: PMC8276069.

    • Turpin R, Slopen N, Borgogna JC, Yeoman CJ, He X, Miller RS, Klebanoff MA, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Perceived Stress and Molecular Bacterial Vaginosis in the National Institutes of Health Longitudinal Study of Vaginal Flora. Am J Epidemiol. 2021 Nov 2;190(11):2374-2383. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwab147. PMID: 34008013; PMCID: PMC8799897.

    • Lewis A, McKeon TP, De Roos AJ, Ravel J, Elovitz MA, Burris HH. Associations of public water system trihalomethane exposure during pregnancy with spontaneous preterm birth and the cervicovaginal microbial-immune state. Environ Res. 2021 Aug;199:111288. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111288. Epub 2021 Jun 2. PMID: 33965388; PMCID: PMC8195861.

    • O'Hanlon DE, Brown SE, He X, Stennett CA, Robbins SJ, Johnston ED, Wnorowski AM, Mark K, Ravel J, Cone RA, Brotman RM. Observational cohort study of the effect of a single lubricant exposure during transvaginal ultrasound on cell- shedding from the vaginal epithelium. PLoS One. 2021 May 3;16(5):e0250153. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250153. PMID: 33939727; PMCID: PMC8092793.

    • Shardell M, Gravitt PE, Burke AE, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Association of Vaginal Microbiota With Signs and Symptoms of the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Across Reproductive Stages. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021 Aug 13;76(9):1542-1550. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab120. PMID: 33903897; PMCID: PMC8361365.

    • Borgogna JC, Shardell MD, Grace SG, Santori EK, Americus B, Li Z, Ulanov A, Forney L, Nelson TM, Brotman RM, Ravel J, Yeoman CJ. Biogenic Amines Increase the Odds of Bacterial Vaginosis and Affect the Growth of and Lactic Acid Production by Vaginal Lactobacillus spp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Apr 27;87(10):e03068-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03068-20. PMID: 33674429; PMCID: PMC8117770.

    • Tuddenham S, Ravel J, Marrazzo JM. Protection and Risk: Male and Female Genital Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections. J Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 16;223(12 Suppl 2):S222-S235. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa762. PMID: 33576776; PMCID: PMC8206802.

    • Fricke WF, Ravel J. Microbiome or no microbiome: are we looking at the prenatal environment through the right lens? Microbiome. 2021 Jan 12;9(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00947-1. PMID: 33436081; PMCID: PMC7805159.

    • Ravel JM, Benkirane M, Calmels N, Marelli C, Ory-Magne F, Ewenczyk C, Halleb Y, Tison F, Lecocq C, Pische G, Casenave P, Chaussenot A, Frismand S, Tyvaert L, Larrieu L, Pointaux M, Drouot N, Bossenmeyer-Pourié C, Oussalah A, Guéant JL, Leheup B, Bonnet C, Anheim M, Tranchant C, Lambert L, Chelly J, Koenig M, Renaud M. Expanding the clinical spectrum of STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1-associated ataxia. J Neurol. 2021 May;268(5):1927-1937. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10348-x. Epub 2021 Jan 8. PMID: 33417001.

    • Ravel J, Moreno I, Simón C. Bacterial vaginosis and its association with infertility, endometritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Mar;224(3):251-257. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.019. Epub 2020 Oct 19. PMID: 33091407.

    • Gerson KD, Mccarthy C, Ravel J, Elovitz MA, Burris HH. Effect of a Nonoptimal Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Psychosocial Stress on Recurrent Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Am J Perinatol. 2021 Apr;38(5):407-413. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1717098. Epub 2020 Oct 8. PMID: 33032329; PMCID: PMC8026761.

    • Florova V, Romero R, Tarca AL, Galaz J, Motomura K, Ahmad MM, Hsu CD, Hsu R, Tong A, Ravel J, Theis KR, Gomez-Lopez N. Vaginal host immune-microbiome interactions in a cohort of primarily African-American women who ultimately underwent spontaneous preterm birth or delivered at term. Cytokine. 2021 Jan;137:155316. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155316. Epub 2020 Oct 7. PMID: 33032107; PMCID: PMC8314957.

    • Lee CY, Cheu RK, Lemke MM, Gustin AT, France MT, Hampel B, Thurman AR, Doncel GF, Ravel J, Klatt NR, Arnold KB. Quantitative modeling predicts mechanistic links between pre-treatment microbiome composition and metronidazole efficacy in bacterial vaginosis. Nat Commun. 2020 Dec 1;11(1):6147. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19880-w. PMID: 33262350; PMCID: PMC7708644.

    • France MT, Ma B, Gajer P, Brown S, Humphrys MS, Holm JB, Waetjen LE, Brotman RM, Ravel J. VALENCIA: a nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition. Microbiome. 2020 Nov 23;8(1):166. doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00934-6. PMID: 33228810; PMCID: PMC7684964.

    • Dareng EO, Ma B, Adebamowo SN, Famooto A, Ravel J, Pharoah PP, Adebamowo CA. Vaginal microbiota diversity and paucity of Lactobacillus species are associated with persistent hrHPV infection in HIV negative but not in HIV positive women. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 5;10(1):19095. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76003-7. PMID: 33154533; PMCID: PMC7644686.

    • Ravel J, Moreno I, Simón C. Bacterial vaginosis and its association with infertility, endometritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Mar;224(3):251-257. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.019. Epub 2020 Oct 19. PMID: 33091407.

    • Vargas-Robles D, Morales N, Rodríguez I, Nieves T, Godoy-Vitorino F, Alcaraz LD, Pérez ME, Ravel J, Forney LJ, Domínguez-Bello MG. Changes in the vaginal microbiota across a gradient of urbanization. Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 27;10(1):12487. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69111-x. PMID: 32719372; PMCID: PMC7385657.

    • Marconi C, El-Zein M, Ravel J, Ma B, Lima MD, Carvalho NS, Alves RRF, Parada CMGL, Leite SHM, Giraldo PC, Gonçalves AK, Franco EL, Silva MG. Characterization of the Vaginal Microbiome in Women of Reproductive Age From 5 Regions in Brazil. Sex Transm Dis. 2020 Aug;47(8):562-569. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001204. PMID: 32520883.

    • France MT, Rutt L, Narina S, Arbaugh S, McComb E, Humphrys MS, Ma B, Hayward MR, Costello EK, Relman DA, Kwon DS, Ravel J. Complete Genome Sequences of Six Lactobacillus iners Strains Isolated from the Human Vagina. Microbiol Resour Announc. 2020 May 14;9(20):e00234-20. doi: 10.1128/MRA.00234-20. PMID: 32409537; PMCID: PMC7225536.

    • Ma B, France M, Ravel J. Meta-Pangenome: At the Crossroad of Pangenomics and Metagenomics. 2020 May 1. In: Tettelin H, Medini D, editors. The Pangenome: Diversity, Dynamics and Evolution of Genomes [Internet]. Cham (CH): Springer; 2020. PMID: 32633911.

    • Holm JB, France MT, Ma B, McComb E, Robinson CK, Mehta A, Tallon LJ, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Comparative Metagenome-Assembled Genome Analysis of "Candidatus Lachnocurva vaginae", Formerly Known as Bacterial Vaginosis- Associated Bacterium-1 (BVAB1). Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Mar 31;10:117. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00117. PMID: 32296647; PMCID: PMC7136613.

    • Stennett CA, Dyer TV, He X, Robinson CK, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. A cross-sectional pilot study of birth mode and vaginal microbiota in reproductive-age women. PLoS One. 2020 Apr 1;15(4):e0228574. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228574. PMID: 32236123; PMCID: PMC7112195.

    • O'Hanlon DE, Gajer P, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Asymptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis Is Associated With Depletion of Mature Superficial Cells Shed From the Vaginal Epithelium. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Mar 10;10:106. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00106. PMID: 32211347; PMCID: PMC7076050.

    • Borgogna JC, Shardell MD, Santori EK, Nelson TM, Rath JM, Glover ED, Ravel J, Gravitt P, Yeoman CJ, Brotman RM. Authors' reply re: The vaginal metabolome and microbiota of cervical HPV-positive and HPV-negative women: a cross- sectional analysis. BJOG. 2020 May;127(6):773-774. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16148. Epub 2020 Mar 10. PMID: 32154972; PMCID: PMC10281050.

    • van de Wijgert JHHM, Verwijs MC, Agaba SK, Bronowski C, Mwambarangwe L, Uwineza M, Lievens E, Nivoliez A, Ravel J, Darby AC. Intermittent Lactobacilli- containing Vaginal Probiotic or Metronidazole Use to Prevent Bacterial Vaginosis Recurrence: A Pilot Study Incorporating Microscopy and Sequencing. Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 3;10(1):3884. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60671-6. PMID: 32127550; PMCID: PMC7054572.

    • Ma B, France MT, Crabtree J, Holm JB, Humphrys MS, Brotman RM, Ravel J. A comprehensive non-redundant gene catalog reveals extensive within-community intraspecies diversity in the human vagina. Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 26;11(1):940. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14677-3. PMID: 32103005; PMCID: PMC7044274.

    • Borgogna JC, Shardell MD, Yeoman CJ, Ghanem KG, Kadriu H, Ulanov AV, Gaydos CA, Hardick J, Robinson CK, Bavoil PM, Ravel J, Brotman RM, Tuddenham S. The association of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection with the vaginal metabolome. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 25;10(1):3420. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60179-z. PMID: 32098988; PMCID: PMC7042340.

    • Shivakoti R, Tuddenham S, Caulfield LE, Murphy C, Robinson C, Ravel J, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM. Dietary macronutrient intake and molecular-bacterial vaginosis: Role of fiber. Clin Nutr. 2020 Oct;39(10):3066-3071. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.01.011. Epub 2020 Jan 29. PMID: 32033845; PMCID: PMC7387193.

    • Gerson KD, McCarthy C, Elovitz MA, Ravel J, Sammel MD, Burris HH. Cervicovaginal microbial communities deficient in Lactobacillus species are associated with second trimester short cervix. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 May;222(5):491.e1-491.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.1283. Epub 2019 Dec 6. PMID: 31816307; PMCID: PMC7196011.

    • Borgogna JC, Shardell MD, Santori EK, Nelson TM, Rath JM, Glover ED, Ravel J, Gravitt PE, Yeoman CJ, Brotman RM. The vaginal metabolome and microbiota of cervical HPV-positive and HPV-negative women: a cross-sectional analysis. BJOG. 2020 Jan;127(2):182-192. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.15981. Epub 2019 Nov 20. PMID: 31749298; PMCID: PMC6982399.

    • Tamarelle J, Ma B, Gajer P, Humphrys MS, Terplan M, Mark KS, Thiébaut ACM, Forney LJ, Brotman RM, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Bavoil PM, Ravel J. Nonoptimal Vaginal Microbiota After Azithromycin Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection. J Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 3;221(4):627-635. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz499. PMID: 31573603; PMCID: PMC7530545.

    • ​Lomeli BK, Galbraith H, Schettler J, Saviolakis GA, El-Amin W, Osborn B, Ravel J, Hazleton K, Lozupone CA, Evans RJ, Bell SJ, Ochsner UA, Jarvis TC, Baqar S, Janjic N. Multiple-Ascending-Dose Phase 1 Clinical Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of CRS3123, a Narrow-Spectrum Agent with Minimal Disruption of Normal Gut Microbiota. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Dec 20;64(1):e01395-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01395-19. PMID: 31685472; PMCID: PMC7187627.

    • Mark KS, Brotman RM, Martinez-Greiwe S, Terplan M, Bavoil P, Ravel J. Chlamydia in adolescent/adult reproductive management trial study (CHARM): Clinical core protocol. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2019 Jul 19;16:100414. doi: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100414. PMID: 31646213; PMCID: PMC6804429.

    • Tuddenham S, Ghanem KG, Caulfield LE, Rovner AJ, Robinson C, Shivakoti R, Miller R, Burke A, Murphy C, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Associations between dietary micronutrient intake and molecular-Bacterial Vaginosis. Reprod Health. 2019 Oct 22;16(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12978-019-0814-6. PMID: 31640725; PMCID: PMC6806504.

    • Brown SE, Schwartz JA, Robinson CK, OʼHanlon DE, Bradford LL, He X, Mark KS, Bruno VM, Ravel J, Brotman RM. The Vaginal Microbiota and Behavioral Factors Associated With Genital Candida albicans Detection in Reproductive-Age Women. Sex Transm Dis. 2019 Nov;46(11):753-758. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001066. PMID: 31517769; PMCID: PMC6818707.

    • Edwards VL, Smith SB, McComb EJ, Tamarelle J, Ma B, Humphrys MS, Gajer P, Gwilliam K, Schaefer AM, Lai SK, Terplan M, Mark KS, Brotman RM, Forney LJ, Bavoil PM, Ravel J. The Cervicovaginal Microbiota-Host Interaction Modulates Chlamydia trachomatis Infection. mBio. 2019 Aug 13;10(4):e01548-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01548-19. PMID: 31409678; PMCID: PMC6692509.

    • Saffarian A, Mulet C, Regnault B, Amiot A, Tran-Van-Nhieu J, Ravel J, Sobhani I, Sansonetti PJ, Pédron T. Crypt- and Mucosa-Associated Core Microbiotas in Humans and Their Alteration in Colon Cancer Patients. mBio. 2019 Jul 16;10(4):e01315-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01315-19. PMID: 31311881; PMCID: PMC6635529.

    • Nugeyre MT, Tchitchek N, Adapen C, Cannou C, Contreras V, Benjelloun F, Ravel J, Le Grand R, Marlin R, Menu E. Dynamics of Vaginal and Rectal Microbiota Over Several Menstrual Cycles in Female Cynomolgus Macaques. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019 Jun 12;9:188. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00188. PMID: 31249812; PMCID: PMC6582644.

    • Murall CL, Rahmoun M, Selinger C, Baldellou M, Bernat C, Bonneau M, Boué V, Buisson M, Christophe G, D'Auria G, Taroni F, Foulongne V, Froissart R, Graf C, Grasset S, Groc S, Hirtz C, Jaussent A, Lajoie J, Lorcy F, Picot E, Picot MC, Ravel J, Reynes J, Rousset T, Seddiki A, Teirlinck M, Tribout V, Tuaillon É, Waterboer T, Jacobs N, Bravo IG, Segondy M, Boulle N, Alizon S. Natural history, dynamics, and ecology of human papillomaviruses in genital infections of young women: protocol of the PAPCLEAR cohort study. BMJ Open. 2019 Jun 11;9(6):e025129. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025129. PMID: 31189673; PMCID: PMC6576111.

    • Thurman AR, Schwartz JL, Ravel J, Gajer P, Marzinke MA, Yousefieh N, Anderson SM, Doncel GF. Vaginal microbiota and mucosal pharmacokinetics of tenofovir in healthy women using tenofovir and tenofovir/levonorgestrel vaginal rings. PLoS One. 2019 May 20;14(5):e0217229. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217229. PMID: 31107913; PMCID: PMC6527208.

    • Jones GS, Spencer Feigelson H, Falk RT, Hua X, Ravel J, Yu G, Flores R, Gail MH, Shi J, Xu X, Goedert JJ. Mammographic breast density and its association with urinary estrogens and the fecal microbiota in postmenopausal women. PLoS One. 2019 May 8;14(5):e0216114. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216114. PMID: 31067262; PMCID: PMC6505928.

    • Amann RI, Baichoo S, Blencowe BJ, Bork P, Borodovsky M, Brooksbank C, Chain PSG, Colwell RR, Daffonchio DG, Danchin A, de Lorenzo V, Dorrestein PC, Finn RD, Fraser CM, Gilbert JA, Hallam SJ, Hugenholtz P, Ioannidis JPA, Jansson JK, Kim JF, Klenk HP, Klotz MG, Knight R, Konstantinidis KT, Kyrpides NC, Mason CE, McHardy AC, Meyer F, Ouzounis CA, Patrinos AAN, Podar M, Pollard KS, Ravel J, Muñoz AR, Roberts RJ, Rosselló-Móra R, Sansone SA, Schloss PD, Schriml LM, Setubal JC, Sorek R, Stevens RL, Tiedje JM, Turjanski A, Tyson GW, Ussery DW, Weinstock GM, White O, Whitman WB, Xenarios I. Consent insufficient for data release-Response. Science. 2019 May 3;364(6439):446. doi: 10.1126/science.aax7509. PMID: 31048484.

    • Elovitz MA, Gajer P, Riis V, Brown AG, Humphrys MS, Holm JB, Ravel J. Cervicovaginal microbiota and local immune response modulate the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 21;10(1):1305. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09285-9. PMID: 30899005; PMCID: PMC6428888.

    • ​Holm JB, Humphrys MS, Robinson CK, Settles ML, Ott S, Fu L, Yang H, Gajer P, He X, McComb E, Gravitt PE, Ghanem KG, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Ultrahigh-Throughput Multiplexing and Sequencing of >500-Base-Pair Amplicon Regions on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 Platform. mSystems. 2019 Feb 19;4(1):e00029-19. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00029-19. PMID: 30801027; PMCID: PMC6381223.

    • McComb E, Holm J, Ma B, Ravel J. Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus crispatus CO3MRSI1. Microbiol Resour Announc. 2019 Jan 31;8(5):e01538-18. doi: 10.1128/MRA.01538-18. PMID: 30714033; PMCID: PMC6357639.

    • Amann RI, Baichoo S, Blencowe BJ, Bork P, Borodovsky M, Brooksbank C, Chain PSG, Colwell RR, Daffonchio DG, Danchin A, de Lorenzo V, Dorrestein PC, Finn RD, Fraser CM, Gilbert JA, Hallam SJ, Hugenholtz P, Ioannidis JPA, Jansson JK, Kim JF, Klenk HP, Klotz MG, Knight R, Konstantinidis KT, Kyrpides NC, Mason CE, McHardy AC, Meyer F, Ouzounis CA, Patrinos AAN, Podar M, Pollard KS, Ravel J, Muñoz AR, Roberts RJ, Rosselló-Móra R, Sansone SA, Schloss PD, Schriml LM, Setubal JC, Sorek R, Stevens RL, Tiedje JM, Turjanski A, Tyson GW, Ussery DW, Weinstock GM, White O, Whitman WB, Xenarios I. Toward unrestricted use of public genomic data. Science. 2019 Jan 25;363(6425):350-352. doi: 10.1126/science.aaw1280. PMID: 30679363.

    • McKinnon LR, Achilles SL, Bradshaw CS, Burgener A, Crucitti T, Fredricks DN, Jaspan HB, Kaul R, Kaushic C, Klatt N, Kwon DS, Marrazzo JM, Masson L, McClelland RS, Ravel J, van de Wijgert JHHM, Vodstrcil LA, Tachedjian G. The Evolving Facets of Bacterial Vaginosis: Implications for HIV Transmission. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2019 Mar;35(3):219-228. doi: 10.1089/AID.2018.0304. PMID: 30638028; PMCID: PMC6434601.

    • Platz EA, Liu CM, Michaud DS, Mueller NT, Ravel J. The Microbiome and Men's Health. Clin Chem. 2019 Jan;65(1):28-35. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.287284. Epub 2018 Nov 20. PMID: 30459165.

    • Joag V, Obila O, Gajer P, Scott MC, Dizzell S, Humphrys M, Shahabi K, Huibner S, Shannon B, Tharao W, Mureithi M, Oyugi J, Kimani J, Kaushic C, Ravel J, Anzala O, Kaul R. Impact of Standard Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment on the Genital Microbiota, Immune Milieu, and Ex Vivo Human Immunodeficiency Virus Susceptibility. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 May 2;68(10):1675-1683. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy762. PMID: 30407498; PMCID: PMC6495022.

    • von Rosenvinge EC, Palumbo F, Ravel J, Rowthorn V, Hoffmann D. The authors reply. Gut Microbes. 2019;10(2):113-114. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1516980. Epub 2018 Oct 5. PMID: 30289345; PMCID: PMC6546337.

    • Nowak RG, Bentzen SM, Ravel J, Crowell TA, Dauda W, Ma B, Liu H, Blattner WA, Baral SD, Charurat ME; TRUST/RV368 Study Group. Anal Microbial Patterns and Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in a Pilot Study of Nigerian Men Who Have Sex with Men at Risk for or Living with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2019 Mar;35(3):267-275. doi: 10.1089/AID.2018.0158. Epub 2018 Oct 17. PMID: 30215262; PMCID: PMC6434585.

    • Tamarelle J, Thiébaut ACM, de Barbeyrac B, Bébéar C, Ravel J, Delarocque- Astagneau E. The vaginal microbiota and its association with human papillomavirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019 Jan;25(1):35-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.04.019. Epub 2018 May 3. PMID: 29729331; PMCID: PMC7362580.

    • Tam J, Hamza T, Ma B, Chen K, Beilhartz GL, Ravel J, Feng H, Melnyk RA. Host- targeted niclosamide inhibits C. difficile virulence and prevents disease in mice without disrupting the gut microbiota. Nat Commun. 2018 Dec 7;9(1):5233. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07705-w. PMID: 30531960; PMCID: PMC6286312.

    • Ma B, McComb E, Gajer P, Yang H, Humphrys M, Okogbule-Wonodi AC, Fasano A, Ravel J, Viscardi RM. Microbial Biomarkers of Intestinal Barrier Maturation in Preterm Infants. Front Microbiol. 2018 Nov 14;9:2755. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02755. PMID: 30487786; PMCID: PMC6246636.

    • Cannon MV, Bogale H, Rutt L, Humphrys M, Korpe P, Duggal P, Ravel J, Serre D. A high-throughput sequencing assay to comprehensively detect and characterize unicellular eukaryotes and helminths from biological and environmental samples. Microbiome. 2018 Oct 29;6(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0581-6. PMID: 30373673; PMCID: PMC6206884.

    • Brotman RM, Shardell MD, Gajer P, Fadrosh D, Chang K, Silver MI, Viscidi RP, Burke AE, Ravel J, Gravitt PE. Association between the vaginal microbiota, menopause status, and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy. Menopause. 2018 Nov;25(11):1321-1330. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001236. PMID: 30358729.

    • •​von Rosenvinge EC, Palumbo F, Ravel J, Rowthorn V, Hoffmann D. The authors reply. Gut Microbes. 2019;10(2):113-114. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1516980. Epub 2018 Oct 5. PMID: 30289345; PMCID: PMC6546337.

    • •​Nowak RG, Bentzen SM, Ravel J, Crowell TA, Dauda W, Ma B, Liu H, Blattner WA, Baral SD, Charurat ME; TRUST/RV368 Study Group. Anal Microbial Patterns and Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in a Pilot Study of Nigerian Men Who Have Sex with Men at Risk for or Living with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2019 Mar;35(3):267-275. doi: 10.1089/AID.2018.0158. Epub 2018 Oct 17. PMID: 30215262; PMCID: PMC6434585.

    • Le Gall T, Lemercier G, Chevreux S, Tücking KS, Ravel J, Thétiot F, Jonas U, Schönherr H, Montier T. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes as Photosensitizers for Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy: A Structure-Activity Study on Clinical Bacterial Strains. ChemMedChem. 2018 Oct 22;13(20):2229-2239. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201800392. Epub 2018 Oct 9. PMID: 30157309.

    • Kroon SJ, Ravel J, Huston WM. Cervicovaginal microbiota, women's health, and reproductive outcomes. Fertil Steril. 2018 Aug;110(3):327-336. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.06.036. PMID: 30098679.

    • Dausset C, Patrier S, Gajer P, Thoral C, Lenglet Y, Cardot JM, Judlin P, Ravel J, Nivoliez A. Comparative phase I randomized open-label pilot clinical trial of Gynophilus® (Lcr regenerans®) immediate release capsules versus slow release muco-adhesive tablets. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Oct;37(10):1869-1880. doi: 10.1007/s10096-018-3321-8. Epub 2018 Jul 21. PMID: 30032443; PMCID: PMC6154122.

    • Schroeder HA, Nunn KL, Schaefer A, Henry CE, Lam F, Pauly MH, Whaley KJ, Zeitlin L, Humphrys MS, Ravel J, Lai SK. Herpes simplex virus-binding IgG traps HSV in human cervicovaginal mucus across the menstrual cycle and diverse vaginal microbial composition. Mucosal Immunol. 2018 Sep;11(5):1477-1486. doi: 10.1038/s41385-018-0054-z. Epub 2018 Jul 9. PMID: 29988116; PMCID: PMC6485947.

    • Tyssen D, Wang YY, Hayward JA, Agius PA, DeLong K, Aldunate M, Ravel J, Moench TR, Cone RA, Tachedjian G. Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Lactic Acid in Human Cervicovaginal Fluid. mSphere. 2018 Jul 5;3(4):e00055-18. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00055-18. PMID: 29976641; PMCID: PMC6034077.

    • Girard L, Birse K, Holm JB, Gajer P, Humphrys MS, Garber D, Guenthner P, Noël-Romas L, Abou M, McCorrister S, Westmacott G, Wang L, Rohan LC, Matoba N, McNicholl J, Palmer KE, Ravel J, Burgener AD. Impact of the griffithsin anti-HIV microbicide and placebo gels on the rectal mucosal proteome and microbiome in non-human primates. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8059. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26313-8. PMID: 29795295; PMCID: PMC5966460.

    • Rose DR, Yang H, Serena G, Sturgeon C, Ma B, Careaga M, Hughes HK, Angkustsiri K, Rose M, Hertz-Picciotto I, Van de Water J, Hansen RL, Ravel J, Fasano A, Ashwood P. Differential immune responses and microbiota profiles in children with autism spectrum disorders and co-morbid gastrointestinal symptoms. Brain Behav Immun. 2018 May;70:354-368. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.025. Epub 2018 Mar 20. PMID: 29571898; PMCID: PMC5953830.

    • Nowak RG, Randis TM, Desai P, He X, Robinson CK, Rath JM, Glover ED, Ratner AJ, Ravel J, Brotman RM. Higher Levels of a Cytotoxic Protein, Vaginolysin, in Lactobacillus-Deficient Community State Types at the Vaginal Mucosa. Sex Transm Dis. 2018 Apr;45(4):e14-e17. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000774. PMID: 29465671; PMCID: PMC5847449.

    • Tachedjian G, O'Hanlon DE, Ravel J. The implausible "in vivo" role of hydrogen peroxide as an antimicrobial factor produced by vaginal microbiota. Microbiome. 2018 Feb 6;6(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0418-3. PMID: 29409534; PMCID: PMC5801833.

    • Noyes N, Cho KC, Ravel J, Forney LJ, Abdo Z. Associations between sexual habits, menstrual hygiene practices, demographics and the vaginal microbiome as revealed by Bayesian network analysis. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 24;13(1):e0191625. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191625. PMID: 29364944; PMCID: PMC5783405.

    • Goedert JJ, Hua X, Bielecka A, Okayasu I, Milne GL, Jones GS, Fujiwara M, Sinha R, Wan Y, Xu X, Ravel J, Shi J, Palm NW, Feigelson HS. Postmenopausal breast cancer and oestrogen associations with the IgA-coated and IgA-noncoated faecal microbiota. Br J Cancer. 2018 Feb 20;118(4):471-479. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2017.435. Epub 2018 Jan 23. PMID: 29360814; PMCID: PMC5830593.

    • Tamarelle J, de Barbeyrac B, Le Hen I, Thiébaut A, Bébéar C, Ravel J, Delarocque-Astagneau E. Vaginal microbiota composition and association with prevalent Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a cross-sectional study of young women attending a STI clinic in France. Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Dec;94(8):616-618. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053346. Epub 2018 Jan 22. PMID: 29358524.

    • Nelson TM, Borgogna JC, Michalek RD, Roberts DW, Rath JM, Glover ED, Ravel J, Shardell MD, Yeoman CJ, Brotman RM. Cigarette smoking is associated with an altered vaginal tract metabolomic profile. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 16;8(1):852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14943-3. PMID: 29339821; PMCID: PMC5770521.

    • Langille MGI, Ravel J, Fricke WF. "Available upon request": not good enough for microbiome data! Microbiome. 2018 Jan 10;6(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40168-017-0394-z. PMID: 29321060; PMCID: PMC5761205.

    • Wee BA, Thomas M, Sweeney EL, Frentiu FD, Samios M, Ravel J, Gajer P, Myers G, Timms P, Allan JA, Huston WM. A retrospective pilot study to determine whether the reproductive tract microbiota differs between women with a history of infertility and fertile women. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Jun;58(3):341-348. doi: 10.1111/ajo.12754. Epub 2017 Dec 26. PMID: 29280134.

    • Chung SY, Ravel J, Regan M. Clinical Relevance of Gastrointestinal Microbiota During Pregnancy: A Primer for Nurses. Biol Res Nurs. 2018 Jan;20(1):84-102. doi: 10.1177/1099800417732412. Epub 2017 Sep 27. PMID: 28954525; PMCID: PMC5942499.

    • Van Houdt R, Ma B, Bruisten SM, Speksnijder AGCL, Ravel J, de Vries HJC. Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota is associated with increased susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Dutch women: a case-control study. Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Mar;94(2):117-123. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053133. Epub 2017 Sep 25. PMID: 28947665; PMCID: PMC6083440.

    • Fan X, Alekseyenko AV, Wu J, Peters BA, Jacobs EJ, Gapstur SM, Purdue MP, Abnet CC, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Miller G, Ravel J, Hayes RB, Ahn J. Human oral microbiome and prospective risk for pancreatic cancer: a population-based nested case-control study. Gut. 2018 Jan;67(1):120-127. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312580. Epub 2016 Oct 14. PMID: 27742762; PMCID: PMC5607064.

    • ​Hoffmann D, Palumbo F, Ravel J, Roghmann MC, Rowthorn V, von Rosenvinge E. Improving regulation of microbiota transplants. Science. 2017 Dec 15;358(6369):1390-1391. doi: 10.1126/science.aaq0034. PMID: 29242336; PMCID: PMC5773100.

    • Tamarelle J, Thiébaut ACM, Sabin B, Bébéar C, Judlin P, Fauconnier A, Rahib D, Méaude-Roufai L, Ravel J, Morré SA, de Barbeyrac B, Delarocque-Astagneau E; i-Predict study group. Early screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in young women for primary prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease (i-Predict): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2017 Nov 13;18(1):534. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2211-1. PMID: 29132441; PMCID: PMC5683219.

    • Bavoil PM, Marques PX, Brotman R, Ravel J. Does Active Oral Sex Contribute to Female Infertility? J Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 15;216(8):932-935. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix419. PMID: 29029270; PMCID: PMC5789812.

    • Donders GGG, Ravel J, Vitali B, Netea MG, Salumets A, Unemo M. Role of Molecular Biology in Diagnosis and Characterization of Vulvo-Vaginitis in Clinical Practice. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2017;82(6):607-616. doi: 10.1159/000478982. Epub 2017 Oct 10. PMID: 29017160.

    • Chung SY, Ravel J, Regan M. Clinical Relevance of Gastrointestinal Microbiota During Pregnancy: A Primer for Nurses. Biol Res Nurs. 2018 Jan;20(1):84-102. doi: 10.1177/1099800417732412. Epub 2017 Sep 27. PMID: 28954525; PMCID: PMC5942499.

    • van Houdt R, Ma B, Bruisten SM, Speksnijder AGCL, Ravel J, de Vries HJC. Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota is associated with increased susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Dutch women: a case-control study. Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Mar;94(2):117-123. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053133. Epub 2017 Sep 25. PMID: 28947665; PMCID: PMC6083440.

    • Rosen GH, Randis TM, Desai PV, Sapra KJ, Ma B, Gajer P, Humphrys MS, Ravel J, Gelber SE, Ratner AJ. Group B Streptococcus and the Vaginal Microbiota. J Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 15;216(6):744-751. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix395. PMID: 28934437; PMCID: PMC5853324.

    • Yu G, Torres J, Hu N, Medrano-Guzman R, Herrera-Goepfert R, Humphrys MS, Wang L, Wang C, Ding T, Ravel J, Taylor PR, Abnet CC, Goldstein AM. Molecular Characterization of the Human Stomach Microbiota in Gastric Cancer Patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Jul 6;7:302. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00302. PMID: 28730144; PMCID: PMC5498480.

    • Adebamowo SN, Ma B, Zella D, Famooto A, Ravel J, Adebamowo C; ACCME Research Group. Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium in the Vaginal Microbiota and Persistent High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection. Front Public Health. 2017 Jun 26;5:140. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00140. PMID: 28695118; PMCID: PMC5483445.

    • Bradford LL, Chibucos MC, Ma B, Bruno V, Ravel J. Vaginal Candida spp. genomes from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Pathog Dis. 2017 Aug 31;75(6):ftx061. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftx061. PMID: 28582496; PMCID: PMC5827580.

    • Yu G, Hu N, Wang L, Wang C, Han XY, Humphry M, Ravel J, Abnet CC, Taylor PR, Goldstein AM. Gastric microbiota features associated with cancer risk factors and clinical outcomes: A pilot study in gastric cardia cancer patients from Shanxi, China. Int J Cancer. 2017 Jul 1;141(1):45-51. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30700. Epub 2017 Apr 3. PMID: 28319273; PMCID: PMC5839466.

    • Hoffmann DE, Palumbo FB, Ravel J, Rowthorn V, von Rosenvinge E. A proposed definition of microbiota transplantation for regulatory purposes. Gut Microbes. 2017 May 4;8(3):208-213. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1293223. Epub 2017 Mar 20. PMID: 28318396; PMCID: PMC5479380.

    • Shannon B, Gajer P, Yi TJ, Ma B, Humphrys MS, Thomas-Pavanel J, Chieza L, Janakiram P, Saunders M, Tharao W, Huibner S, Shahabi K, Ravel J, Kaul R. Distinct Effects of the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Infection on Female Genital Tract Immunology. J Infect Dis. 2017 May 1;215(9):1366-1375. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix088. PMID: 28201724; PMCID: PMC5451606.

    • ​Saleem B, Okogbule-Wonodi AC, Fasano A, Magder LS, Ravel J, Kapoor S, Viscardi RM. Intestinal Barrier Maturation in Very Low Birthweight Infants: Relationship to Feeding and Antibiotic Exposure. J Pediatr. 2017 Apr;183:31-36.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.01.013. Epub 2017 Jan 31. PMID: 28159311; PMCID: PMC5367935.

    • Shannon B, Yi TJ, Perusini S, Gajer P, Ma B, Humphrys MS, Thomas-Pavanel J, Chieza L, Janakiram P, Saunders M, Tharao W, Huibner S, Shahabi K, Ravel J, Rebbapragada A, Kaul R. Association of HPV infection and clearance with cervicovaginal immunology and the vaginal microbiota. Mucosal Immunol. 2017 Sep;10(5):1310-1319. doi: 10.1038/mi.2016.129. Epub 2017 Jan 25. PMID: 28120845; PMCID: PMC5526752.

    • Nowak RG, Bentzen SM, Ravel J, Crowell TA, Dauda W, Ma B, Liu H, Blattner WA, Baral SD, Charurat ME; TRUSTRV368 Study Group. Rectal microbiota among HIV- uninfected, untreated HIV, and treated HIV-infected in Nigeria. AIDS. 2017 Mar 27;31(6):857-862. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001409. PMID: 28118207; PMCID: PMC5342931.

    • Yu G, Phillips S, Gail MH, Goedert JJ, Humphrys MS, Ravel J, Ren Y, Caporaso NE. The effect of cigarette smoking on the oral and nasal microbiota. Microbiome. 2017 Jan 17;5(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40168-016-0226-6. PMID: 28095925; PMCID: PMC5240432.

    • Yu G, Phillips S, Gail MH, Goedert JJ, Humphrys M, Ravel J, Ren Y, Caporaso NE. Evaluation of Buccal Cell Samples for Studies of Oral Microbiota. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017 Feb;26(2):249-253. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0538. Epub 2016 Oct 21. PMID: 27770008.

    • Bradford LL, Ravel J. The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases. Virulence. 2017 Apr 3;8(3):342-351. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1237332. Epub 2016 Sep 22. PMID: 27657355; PMCID: PMC5411243.

    • Smith SB, Ravel J. The vaginal microbiota, host defence and reproductive physiology. J Physiol. 2017 Jan 15;595(2):451-463. doi: 10.1113/JP271694. Epub 2016 May 5. PMID: 27373840; PMCID: PMC5233653.

    • Breshears LM, Edwards VL, Ravel J, Peterson ML. 2015. Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits growth of Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae on a porcine vaginal mucosa model. BMC Microbiology 15(1):276.

    • Nunn KL, Wang Y-Y, Harit D, Humphrys MS, Ma B, Cone R, Ravel J, Lai SK. 2015. Enhanced Trapping of HIV-1 by Human Cervicovaginal Mucus Is Associated with Lactobacillus crispatus-Dominant Microbiota. mBio 6(5):e01084-15.

    • Nelson TM, Borgogna J-LC, Brotman RM, Ravel J, Walk ST, Yeoman CJ. 2015. Vaginal biogenic amines: biomarkers of bacterial vaginosis or precursors to vaginal dysbiosis? Frontiers in Physiology  6:253.

    • Yu G, Fadrosh D, Goedert JJ, Ravel J, Goldstein AM. 2015. Nested PCR Biases in Interpreting Microbial Community Structure in 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Datasets. PLoS ONE, 10:e0132253.

    • Flores R, Shi J, Yu G, Ma B, Ravel J, Goedert JJ, Sinha R. 2015. Collection media and delayed freezing effects on microbial composition of human stool. Microbiome 3:33.

    • Goedert JJ, Gong Y, Hua X, Zhon H, He Y, Peng P, Yu G, Wang W, Ravel J, Shi J, Zheng Y. 2015. Fecal Microbiota Characteristics of Patients with Colorectal Adenoma Detected by Screening. 2015. A Population-based Study. EBioMedicine. 2(6):597–603.

    • Marchesi JR, Ravel J. The vocabulary of microbiome research: a proposal. Microbiome. 2015 3:31. doi: 10.1186/s40168-015-0094-5. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26229597; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4520061.

    • Robinson CK, Wierzchos J, Black C, Crits-Christoph A, Ma B, Ravel J, Ascaso C, Artieda O, Valea S, Roldan M et al: Microbial diversity and the presence of algae in halite endolithic communities are correlated to atmospheric moisture in the hyper-arid zone of the Atacama Desert. Environmental Microbiology 2015, 17(2):299-315.

    • Neuendorf E, Gajer P, Bowlin AK, Marques PX, Ma B, Yang H, Fu L, Humphrys MS, Forney LJ, Myers GS et al: Chlamydia caviaeinfection alters abundance but not composition of the guinea pig vaginal microbiota. Pathogens and Disease 2015, 73(4).

    • Morgun A, Dzutsev A, Dong X, Greer RL, Sexton DJ, Ravel J, Schuster M, Hsiao W, Matzinger P, Shulzhenko N: Uncovering effects of antibiotics on the host and microbiota using transkingdom gene networks. Gut 2015.

    • Mojica SA, Hovis KM, Frieman MB, Tran B, Hsia RC, Ravel J, Jenkins-Houk C, Wilson KL, Bavoil PM: SINC, a type III secreted protein of Chlamydia psittaci, targets the inner nuclear membrane of infected cells and uninfected neighbors. Molecular biology of the cell 2015, 26(10):1918-1934.

    • Mendes-Soares H, Krishnan V, Settles ML, Ravel J, Brown CJ, Forney LJ: Fine-scale analysis of 16S rRNA sequences reveals a high level of taxonomic diversity among vaginal Atopobium spp. Pathogens and disease 2015, 73(4).

    • Mehta SD, Donovan B, Weber KM, Cohen M, Ravel J, Gajer P, Gilbert D, Burgad D, Spear GT: The vaginal microbiota over an 8- to 10-year period in a cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women. PloS one 2015, 10(2):e0116894.

    • Liu Y, Shetty AC, Schwartz JA, Bradford LL, Xu W, Phan QT, Kumari P, Mahurkar A, Mitchell AP, Ravel J et al: New signaling pathways govern the host response to C. albicans infection in various niches. Genome research 2015, 25(5):679-689.

    • Liu CM, Hungate BA, Tobian AA, Ravel J, Prodger JL, Serwadda D, Kigozi G, Galiwango RM, Nalugoda F, Keim P et al: Penile Microbiota and Female Partner Bacterial Vaginosis in Rakai, Uganda. mBio 2015, 6(3).

    • Goedert JJ, Jones G, Hua X, Xu X, Yu G, Flores R, Falk RT, Gail MH, Shi J, Ravel J et al: Investigation of the association between the fecal microbiota and breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a population-based case-control pilot study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2015, 107(8).

    • Eloe-Fadrosh EA, Brady A, Crabtree J, Drabek EF, Ma B, Mahurkar A, Ravel J, Haverkamp M, Fiorino AM, Botelho C et al: Functional dynamics of the gut microbiome in elderly people during probiotic consumption. mBio 2015, 6(2).

    • Dareng EO, Ma B, Famooto AO, Akarolo-Anthony SN, Offiong RA, Olaniyan O, Dakum PS, Wheeler CM, Fadrosh D, Yang H et al: Prevalent high-risk HPV infection and vaginal microbiota in Nigerian women. Epidemiology and infection 2015:1-15.

    • Yu G, Fadrosh D, Ma B, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Anal microbiota profiles in HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM. AIDS (London, England) 2014, 28(5):753-760.

    • Yeruva L, Myers GS, Spencer N, Creasy HH, Adams NE, Maurelli AT, McChesney GR, Cleves MA, Ravel J, Bowlin A et al: Early microRNA expression profile as a prognostic biomarker for the development of pelvic inflammatory disease in a mouse model of chlamydial genital infection. mBio 2014, 5(3):e01241-01214.

    • Sivapalasingam S, McClelland RS, Ravel J, Ahmed A, Cleland CM, Gajer P, Mwamzaka M, Marshed F, Shafi J, Masese L et al: An effective intervention to reduce intravaginal practices among HIV-1 uninfected Kenyan women. AIDS research and human retroviruses 2014, 30(11):1046-1054.

    • Sanjar F, Hazen TH, Shah SM, Koenig SS, Agrawal S, Daugherty S, Sadzewicz L, Tallon LJ, Mammel MK, Feng P et al: Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain 2886-75, Associated with the First Reported Case of Human Infection in the United States. Genome announcements 2014, 2(1).

    • Romero R, Hassan SS, Gajer P, Tarca AL, Fadrosh DW, Nikita L, Galuppi M, Lamont RF, Chaemsaithong P, Miranda J et al: The composition and stability of the vaginal microbiota of normal pregnant women is different from that of non-pregnant women. Microbiome 2014, 2(1):4.

    • Romero R, Hassan SS, Gajer P, Tarca AL, Fadrosh DW, Nikita L, Galuppi M, Lamont RF, Chaemsaithong P, Miranda J et al: Correction: The composition and stability of the vaginal microbiota of normal pregnant women is different from that of non-pregnant women. Microbiome 2014, 2(1):10.

    • Romero R, Hassan SS, Gajer P, Tarca AL, Fadrosh DW, Bieda J, Chaemsaithong P, Miranda J, Chaiworapongsa T, Ravel J: The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term. Microbiome 2014, 2:18.

    • Ravel J, Wommack KE: Thank you to Microbiome's peer reviewers in 2013. Microbiome 2014, 2(1):2.

    • Ravel J, Wommack KE: All hail reproducibility in microbiome research. Microbiome 2014, 2(1):8.

    • Montalvo NF, Davis J, Vicente J, Pittiglio R, Ravel J, Hill RT: Integration of culture-based and molecular analysis of a complex sponge-associated bacterial community. PloS one 2014, 9(3):e90517.

    • Mirmonsef P, Hotton AL, Gilbert D, Burgad D, Landay A, Weber KM, Cohen M, Ravel J, Spear GT: Free glycogen in vaginal fluids is associated with Lactobacillus colonization and low vaginal pH. PloS one 2014, 9(7):e102467.

    • Marsan D, Wommack KE, Ravel J, Chen F: Draft Genome Sequence of Synechococcus sp. Strain CB0101, Isolated From the Chesapeake Bay Estuary. Genome announcements 2014, 2(1).

    • Khmaladze E, Birdsell DN, Naumann AA, Hochhalter CB, Seymour ML, Nottingham R, Beckstrom-Sternberg SM, Beckstrom-Sternberg J, Nikolich MP, Chanturia G et al: Phylogeography of Bacillus anthracis in the country of Georgia shows evidence of population structuring and is dissimilar to other regional genotypes. PloS one 2014, 9(7):e102651.

    • Huttenhower C, Knight R, Brown CT, Caporaso JG, Clemente JC, Gevers D, Franzosa EA, Kelley ST, Knights D, Ley RE et al: Advancing the microbiome research community. Cell 2014, 159(2):227-230.

    • Hoffmann DE, Fraser CM, Palumbo F, Ravel J, Rowthorn V, Schwartz J: Probiotics: achieving a better regulatory fit. Food and drug law journal 2014, 69(2):237-272, ii.

    • Fuhrman BJ, Feigelson HS, Flores R, Gail MH, Xu X, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Associations of the fecal microbiome with urinary estrogens and estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2014, 99(12):4632-4640.

    • Feigelson HS, Bischoff K, Ardini MA, Ravel J, Gail MH, Flores R, Goedert JJ: Feasibility of self-collection of fecal specimens by randomly sampled women for health-related studies of the gut microbiome. BMC research notes 2014, 7:204.

    • Fadrosh DW, Ma B, Gajer P, Sengamalay N, Ott S, Brotman RM, Ravel J: An improved dual-indexing approach for multiplexed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Microbiome 2014, 2(1):6.

    • Eppinger M, Pearson T, Koenig SS, Pearson O, Hicks N, Agrawal S, Sanjar F, Galens K, Daugherty S, Crabtree J et al: Genomic epidemiology of the Haitian cholera outbreak: a single introduction followed by rapid, extensive, and continued spread characterized the onset of the epidemic. mBio 2014, 5(6):e01721.

    • Broutet N, Fruth U, Deal C, Gottlieb SL, Rees H: Vaccines against sexually transmitted infections: the way forward. Vaccine 2014, 32(14):1630-1637.

    • Brotman RM, Shardell MD, Gajer P, Tracy JK, Zenilman JM, Ravel J, Gravitt PE: Interplay between the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota and human papillomavirus detection. The Journal of infectious diseases 2014, 210(11):1723-1733.

    • Brotman RM, Shardell MD, Gajer P, Fadrosh D, Chang K, Silver MI, Viscidi RP, Burke AE, Ravel J, Gravitt PE: Association between the vaginal microbiota, menopause status, and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy. Menopause (New York, NY) 2014, 21(5):450-458.

    • Brotman RM, Ravel J, Bavoil PM, Gravitt PE, Ghanem KG: Microbiome, sex hormones, and immune responses in the reproductive tract: challenges for vaccine development against sexually transmitted infections. Vaccine 2014, 32(14):1543-1552.

    • Brotman RM, He X, Gajer P, Fadrosh D, Sharma E, Mongodin EF, Ravel J, Glover ED, Rath JM: Association between cigarette smoking and the vaginal microbiota: a pilot study. BMC infectious diseases 2014, 14:471.

    • Wommack KE, Ravel J: Microbiome, demystifying the role of microbial communities in the biosphere. Microbiome 2013, 1(1):1.

    • Ravel J, Brotman RM, Gajer P, Ma B, Nandy M, Fadrosh DW, Sakamoto J, Koenig SS, Fu L, Zhou X et al: Daily temporal dynamics of vaginal microbiota before, during and after episodes of bacterial vaginosis. Microbiome 2013, 1(1):29.

    • Planet PJ, Rampersaud R, Hymes SR, Whittier S, Della-Latta PA, Narechania A, Daugherty SC, Santana-Cruz I, Desalle R, Ravel J et al: Genome Sequence of the Human Abscess Isolate Streptococcus intermedius BA1. Genome announcements 2013, 1(1).

    • Liu CM, Hungate BA, Tobian AA, Serwadda D, Ravel J, Lester R, Kigozi G, Aziz M, Galiwango RM, Nalugoda F et al: Male circumcision significantly reduces prevalence and load of genital anaerobic bacteria. mBio 2013, 4(2):e00076.

    • Hovis KM, Mojica S, McDermott JE, Pedersen L, Simhi C, Rank RG, Myers GS, Ravel J, Hsia RC, Bavoil PM: Genus-optimized strategy for the identification of chlamydial type III secretion substrates. Pathogens and disease 2013, 69(3):213-222.

    • Hoffmann DE, Fraser CM, Palumbo FB, Ravel J, Rothenberg K, Rowthorn V, Schwartz J: Science and regulation. Probiotics: finding the right regulatory balance. Science (New York, NY) 2013, 342(6156):314-315.

    • Hoffmann DE, Fortenberry JD, Ravel J: Are changes to the common rule necessary to address evolving areas of research? A case study focusing on the human microbiome project. The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics 2013, 41(2):454-469.

    • Eppinger M, Daugherty S, Agrawal S, Galens K, Sengamalay N, Sadzewicz L, Tallon L, Cebula TA, Mammel MK, Feng P et al: Whole-Genome Draft Sequences of 26 Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains. Genome announcements 2013, 1(2):e0013412.

    • Yuan S, Cohen DB, Ravel J, Abdo Z, Forney LJ: Evaluation of methods for the extraction and purification of DNA from the human microbiome. PloS one 2012, 7(3):e33865.

    • Sellitto M, Bai G, Serena G, Fricke WF, Sturgeon C, Gajer P, White JR, Koenig SS, Sakamoto J, Boothe D et al: Proof of concept of microbiome-metabolome analysis and delayed gluten exposure on celiac disease autoimmunity in genetically at-risk infants. PloS one 2012, 7(3):e33387.

    • Schmidt EW, Donia MS, McIntosh JA, Fricke WF, Ravel J: Origin and variation of tunicate secondary metabolites. Journal of natural products 2012, 75(2):295-304.

    • Ravel J, Gajer P, Fu L, Mauck CK, Koenig SS, Sakamoto J, Motsinger-Reif AA, Doncel GF, Zeichner SL: Twice-daily application of HIV microbicides alter the vaginal microbiota. mBio 2012, 3(6).

    • Macklaim JM, Cohen CR, Donders G, Gloor GB, Hill JE, Parham GP, Ravel J, Spear G, van de Wijgert J, Reid G: Exploring a road map to counter misconceptions about the cervicovaginal microbiome and disease. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif) 2012, 19(11):1154-1162.

    • Ma B, Forney LJ, Ravel J: Vaginal microbiome: rethinking health and disease. Annual review of microbiology 2012, 66:371-389.

    • Hickey RJ, Zhou X, Pierson JD, Ravel J, Forney LJ: Understanding vaginal microbiome complexity from an ecological perspective. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 2012, 160(4):267-282.

    • Hasan NA, Choi SY, Eppinger M, Clark PW, Chen A, Alam M, Haley BJ, Taviani E, Hine E, Su Q et al: Genomic diversity of 2010 Haitian cholera outbreak strains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012, 109(29):E2010-2017.

    • Gajer P, Brotman RM, Bai G, Sakamoto J, Schutte UM, Zhong X, Koenig SS, Fu L, Ma ZS, Zhou X et al: Temporal dynamics of the human vaginal microbiota. Science translational medicine 2012, 4(132):132ra152.

    • Flores R, Shi J, Gail MH, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Assessment of the human faecal microbiota: I. Measurement and reproducibility of selected enzymatic activities. European journal of clinical investigation 2012, 42(8):848-854.

    • Flores R, Shi J, Gail MH, Gajer P, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Association of fecal microbial diversity and taxonomy with selected enzymatic functions. PloS one 2012, 7(6):e39745.

    • Flores R, Shi J, Gail MH, Gajer P, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Assessment of the human faecal microbiota: II. Reproducibility and associations of 16S rRNA pyrosequences. European journal of clinical investigation 2012, 42(8):855-863.

    • Flores R, Shi J, Fuhrman B, Xu X, Veenstra TD, Gail MH, Gajer P, Ravel J, Goedert JJ: Fecal microbial determinants of fecal and systemic estrogens and estrogen metabolites: a cross-sectional study. Journal of translational medicine 2012, 10:253.

    • Eppinger M, Radnedge L, Andersen G, Vietri N, Severson G, Mou S, Ravel J, Worsham PL: Novel plasmids and resistance phenotypes in Yersinia pestis: unique plasmid inventory of strain Java 9 mediates high levels of arsenic resistance. PloS one 2012, 7(3):e32911.

    • Earl AM, Eppinger M, Fricke WF, Rosovitz MJ, Rasko DA, Daugherty S, Losick R, Kolter R, Ravel J: Whole-genome sequences of Bacillus subtilis and close relatives. Journal of bacteriology 2012, 194(9):2378-2379.

    • Brotman RM, Bradford LL, Conrad M, Gajer P, Ault K, Peralta L, Forney LJ, Carlton JM, Abdo Z, Ravel J: Association between Trichomonas vaginalis and vaginal bacterial community composition among reproductive-age women. Sexually transmitted diseases 2012, 39(10):807-812.

    • Bai G, Gajer P, Nandy M, Ma B, Yang H, Sakamoto J, Blanchard MH, Ravel J, Brotman RM: Comparison of storage conditions for human vaginal microbiome studies. PloS one 2012, 7(5):e36934.

    • Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature 2012, 486(7402):207-214.

    • A framework for human microbiome research. Nature 2012, 486(7402):215-221.

    • Zan J, Fricke WF, Fuqua C, Ravel J, Hill RT: Genome sequence of Ruegeria sp. strain KLH11, an N-acylhomoserine lactone-producing bacterium isolated from the marine sponge Mycale laxissima. Journal of bacteriology 2011, 193(18):5011-5012.

    • Yilmaz P, Kottmann R, Field D, Knight R, Cole JR, Amaral-Zettler L, Gilbert JA, Karsch-Mizrachi I, Johnston A, Cochrane G et al: Minimum information about a marker gene sequence (MIMARKS) and minimum information about any (x) sequence (MIxS) specifications. Nature biotechnology 2011, 29(5):415-420.

    • Vogler AJ, Chan F, Wagner DM, Roumagnac P, Lee J, Nera R, Eppinger M, Ravel J, Rahalison L, Rasoamanana BW et al: Phylogeography and molecular epidemiology of Yersinia pestis in Madagascar. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2011, 5(9):e1319.

    • Rivarola M, Foster JT, Chan AP, Williams AL, Rice DW, Liu X, Melake-Berhan A, Huot Creasy H, Puiu D, Rosovitz MJ et al: Castor bean organelle genome sequencing and worldwide genetic diversity analysis. PloS one 2011, 6(7):e21743.

    • Ravel J, Gajer P, Abdo Z, Schneider GM, Koenig SS, McCulle SL, Karlebach S, Gorle R, Russell J, Tacket CO et al: Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011, 108 Suppl 1:4680-4687.

    • Rasko DA, Worsham PL, Abshire TG, Stanley ST, Bannan JD, Wilson MR, Langham RJ, Decker RS, Jiang L, Read TD et al: Bacillus anthracis comparative genome analysis in support of the Amerithrax investigation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011, 108(12):5027-5032.

    • Price LB, Liu CM, Frankel YM, Melendez JH, Aziz M, Buchhagen J, Contente-Cuomo T, Engelthaler DM, Keim PS, Ravel J et al: Macroscale spatial variation in chronic wound microbiota: a cross-sectional study. Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2011, 19(1):80-88.

    • Marine R, Polson SW, Ravel J, Hatfull G, Russell D, Sullivan M, Syed F, Dumas M, Wommack KE: Evaluation of a transposase protocol for rapid generation of shotgun high-throughput sequencing libraries from nanogram quantities of DNA. Applied and environmental microbiology 2011, 77(22):8071-8079.

    • Fricke WF, Mammel MK, McDermott PF, Tartera C, White DG, Leclerc JE, Ravel J, Cebula TA: Comparative genomics of 28 Salmonella enterica isolates: evidence for CRISPR-mediated adaptive sublineage evolution. Journal of bacteriology 2011, 193(14):3556-3568.

    • Eppinger M, Mammel MK, Leclerc JE, Ravel J, Cebula TA: Genome signatures of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates from the bovine host reservoir. Applied and environmental microbiology 2011, 77(9):2916-2925.

    • Eppinger M, Mammel MK, Leclerc JE, Ravel J, Cebula TA: Genomic anatomy of Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreaks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011, 108(50):20142-20147.

    • Eppinger M, Bunk B, Johns MA, Edirisinghe JN, Kutumbaka KK, Koenig SS, Creasy HH, Rosovitz MJ, Riley DR, Daugherty S et al: Genome sequences of the biotechnologically important Bacillus megaterium strains QM B1551 and DSM319. Journal of bacteriology 2011, 193(16):4199-4213.

    • Dumas MD, Polson SW, Ritter D, Ravel J, Gelb J, Jr., Morgan R, Wommack KE: Impacts of poultry house environment on poultry litter bacterial community composition. PloS one 2011, 6(9):e24785.

    • Du Y, Derewacz DK, Deguire SM, Teske J, Ravel J, Sulikowski GA, Bachmann BO: Biosynthesis of the Apoptolidins in Nocardiopsis sp. FU 40. Tetrahedron 2011, 67(35):6568-6575.

    • Donia MS, Fricke WF, Ravel J, Schmidt EW: Variation in tropical reef symbiont metagenomes defined by secondary metabolism. PloS one 2011, 6(3):e17897.

    • Donia MS, Fricke WF, Partensky F, Cox J, Elshahawi SI, White JR, Phillippy AM, Schatz MC, Piel J, Haygood MG et al: Complex microbiome underlying secondary and primary metabolism in the tunicate-Prochloron symbiosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011, 108(51):E1423-1432.

    • Caporaso JG, Lauber CL, Costello EK, Berg-Lyons D, Gonzalez A, Stombaugh J, Knights D, Gajer P, Ravel J, Fierer N et al: Moving pictures of the human microbiome. Genome biology 2011, 12(5):R50.

    • Zhou X, Brotman RM, Gajer P, Abdo Z, Schuette U, Ma S, Ravel J, Forney LJ: Recent advances in understanding the microbiology of the female reproductive tract and the causes of premature birth. Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology 2010, 2010:737425.

    • Wagner DM, Runberg J, Vogler AJ, Lee J, Driebe E, Price LB, Engelthaler DM, Fricke WF, Ravel J, Keim P: No resistance plasmid in Yersinia pestis, North America. Emerging infectious diseases 2010, 16(5):885-887.

    • Schutte UM, Abdo Z, Foster J, Ravel J, Bunge J, Solheim B, Forney LJ: Bacterial diversity in a glacier foreland of the high Arctic. Molecular ecology 2010, 19 Suppl 1:54-66.

    • Schatz MC, Phillippy AM, Gajer P, DeSantis TZ, Andersen GL, Ravel J: Integrated microbial survey analysis of prokaryotic communities for the PhyloChip microarray. Applied and environmental microbiology 2010, 76(16):5636-5638.

    • Price LB, Liu CM, Johnson KE, Aziz M, Lau MK, Bowers J, Ravel J, Keim PS, Serwadda D, Wawer MJ et al: The effects of circumcision on the penis microbiome. PloS one 2010, 5(1):e8422.

    • Morelli G, Song Y, Mazzoni CJ, Eppinger M, Roumagnac P, Wagner DM, Feldkamp M, Kusecek B, Vogler AJ, Li Y et al: Yersinia pestis genome sequencing identifies patterns of global phylogenetic diversity. Nature genetics 2010, 42(12):1140-1143.

    • Foster JT, Allan GJ, Chan AP, Rabinowicz PD, Ravel J, Jackson PJ, Keim P: Single nucleotide polymorphisms for assessing genetic diversity in castor bean (Ricinus communis). BMC plant biology 2010, 10:13.

    • Forney LJ, Gajer P, Williams CJ, Schneider GM, Koenig SS, McCulle SL, Karlebach S, Brotman RM, Davis CC, Ault K et al: Comparison of self-collected and physician-collected vaginal swabs for microbiome analysis. Journal of clinical microbiology 2010, 48(5):1741-1748.

    • Eppinger M, Worsham PL, Nikolich MP, Riley DR, Sebastian Y, Mou S, Achtman M, Lindler LE, Ravel J: Genome sequence of the deep-rooted Yersinia pestis strain Angola reveals new insights into the evolution and pangenome of the plague bacterium. Journal of bacteriology 2010, 192(6):1685-1699.

    • Chan AP, Crabtree J, Zhao Q, Lorenzi H, Orvis J, Puiu D, Melake-Berhan A, Jones KM, Redman J, Chen G et al: Draft genome sequence of the oilseed species Ricinus communis. Nature biotechnology 2010, 28(9):951-956.

    • Brotman RM, Ravel J, Cone RA, Zenilman JM: Rapid fluctuation of the vaginal microbiota measured by Gram stain analysis. Sexually transmitted infections 2010, 86(4):297-302.

    • Simonson TS, Okinaka RT, Wang B, Easterday WR, Huynh L, U'Ren JM, Dukerich M, Zanecki SR, Kenefic LJ, Beaudry J et al: Bacillus anthracis in China and its relationship to worldwide lineages. BMC microbiology 2009, 9:71.

    • Ravel J, Jiang L, Stanley ST, Wilson MR, Decker RS, Read TD, Worsham P, Keim PS, Salzberg SL, Fraser-Liggett CM et al: The complete genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames "Ancestor". Journal of bacteriology 2009, 191(1):445-446.

    • Price LB, Liu CM, Melendez JH, Frankel YM, Engelthaler D, Aziz M, Bowers J, Rattray R, Ravel J, Kingsley C et al: Community analysis of chronic wound bacteria using 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing: impact of diabetes and antibiotics on chronic wound microbiota. PloS one 2009, 4(7):e6462.

    • Myers GS, Mathews SA, Eppinger M, Mitchell C, O'Brien KK, White OR, Benahmed F, Brunham RC, Read TD, Ravel J et al: Evidence that human Chlamydia pneumoniae was zoonotically acquired. Journal of bacteriology 2009, 191(23):7225-7233.

    • Kenefic LJ, Pearson T, Okinaka RT, Schupp JM, Wagner DM, Hoffmaster AR, Trim CB, Chung WK, Beaudry JA, Jiang L et al: Pre-Columbian origins for North American anthrax. PloS one 2009, 4(3):e4813.

    • Fricke WF, Welch TJ, McDermott PF, Mammel MK, LeClerc JE, White DG, Cebula TA, Ravel J: Comparative genomics of the IncA/C multidrug resistance plasmid family. Journal of bacteriology 2009, 191(15):4750-4757.

    • Fricke WF, Rasko DA, Ravel J: The role of genomics in the identification, prediction, and prevention of biological threats. PLoS biology 2009, 7(10):e1000217.

    • Fricke WF, McDermott PF, Mammel MK, Zhao S, Johnson TJ, Rasko DA, Fedorka-Cray PJ, Pedroso A, Whichard JM, Leclerc JE et al: Antimicrobial resistance-conferring plasmids with similarity to virulence plasmids from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky isolates from poultry. Applied and environmental microbiology 2009, 75(18):5963-5971.

    • Eppinger M, Guo Z, Sebastian Y, Song Y, Lindler LE, Yang R, Ravel J: Draft genome sequences of Yersinia pestis isolates from natural foci of endemic plague in China. Journal of bacteriology 2009, 191(24):7628-7629.

    • Bachmann BO, Ravel J: Chapter 8. Methods for in silico prediction of microbial polyketide and nonribosomal peptide biosynthetic pathways from DNA sequence data. Methods in enzymology 2009, 458:181-217.

    • Wommack KE, Bhavsar J, Ravel J: Metagenomics: read length matters. Applied and environmental microbiology 2008, 74(5):1453-1463.

    • Schutzer SE, Schlater LR, Ronning CM, DeShazer D, Luft BJ, Dunn JJ, Ravel J, Fraser-Liggett CM, Nierman WC: Characterization of clinically-attenuated Burkholderia mallei by whole genome sequencing: candidate strain for exclusion from Select Agent lists. PloS one 2008, 3(4):e2058.

    • Rasko DA, Rosovitz MJ, Myers GS, Mongodin EF, Fricke WF, Gajer P, Crabtree J, Sebaihia M, Thomson NR, Chaudhuri R et al: The pangenome structure of Escherichia coli: comparative genomic analysis of E. coli commensal and pathogenic isolates. Journal of bacteriology 2008, 190(20):6881-6893.

    • Fricke WF, Wright MS, Lindell AH, Harkins DM, Baker-Austin C, Ravel J, Stepanauskas R: Insights into the environmental resistance gene pool from the genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant environmental isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5. Journal of bacteriology 2008, 190(20):6779-6794.

    • Donia MS, Ravel J, Schmidt EW: A global assembly line for cyanobactins. Nature chemical biology 2008, 4(6):341-343.

    • Brotman RM, Ravel J: Ready or not: the molecular diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2008, 47(1):44-46.

    • Welch TJ, Fricke WF, McDermott PF, White DG, Rosso ML, Rasko DA, Mammel MK, Eppinger M, Rosovitz MJ, Wagner D et al: Multiple antimicrobial resistance in plague: an emerging public health risk. PloS one 2007, 2(3):e309.

    • Van Ert MN, Easterday WR, Simonson TS, U'Ren JM, Pearson T, Kenefic LJ, Busch JD, Huynh LY, Dukerich M, Trim CB et al: Strain-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism assays for the Bacillus anthracis Ames strain. Journal of clinical microbiology 2007, 45(1):47-53.

    • Van Ert MN, Easterday WR, Huynh LY, Okinaka RT, Hugh-Jones ME, Ravel J, Zanecki SR, Pearson T, Simonson TS, U'Ren JM et al: Global genetic population structure of Bacillus anthracis. PloS one 2007, 2(5):e461.

    • Rasko DA, Rosovitz MJ, Okstad OA, Fouts DE, Jiang L, Cer RZ, Kolsto AB, Gill SR, Ravel J: Complete sequence analysis of novel plasmids from emetic and periodontal Bacillus cereus isolates reveals a common evolutionary history among the B. cereus-group plasmids, including Bacillus anthracis pXO1. Journal of bacteriology 2007, 189(1):52-64.

    • Lee K, Costerton JW, Ravel J, Auerbach RK, Wagner DM, Keim P, Leid JG: Phenotypic and functional characterization of Bacillus anthracis biofilms. Microbiology (Reading, England) 2007, 153(Pt 6):1693-1701.

    • Eppinger M, Rosovitz MJ, Fricke WF, Rasko DA, Kokorina G, Fayolle C, Lindler LE, Carniel E, Ravel J: The complete genome sequence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP31758, the causative agent of Far East scarlet-like fever. PLoS genetics 2007, 3(8):e142.

    • Auerbach RK, Tuanyok A, Probert WS, Kenefic L, Vogler AJ, Bruce DC, Munk C, Brettin TS, Eppinger M, Ravel J et al: Yersinia pestis evolution on a small timescale: comparison of whole genome sequences from North America. PloS one 2007, 2(8):e770.

    • Romero CM, DeShazer D, Feldblyum T, Ravel J, Woods D, Kim HS, Yu Y, Ronning CM, Nierman WC: Genome sequence alterations detected upon passage of Burkholderia mallei ATCC 23344 in culture and in mammalian hosts. BMC genomics 2006, 7:228.

    • Myers GS, Rasko DA, Cheung JK, Ravel J, Seshadri R, DeBoy RT, Ren Q, Varga J, Awad MM, Brinkac LM et al: Skewed genomic variability in strains of the toxigenic bacterial pathogen, Clostridium perfringens. Genome research 2006, 16(8):1031-1040.

    • Donia MS, Hathaway BJ, Sudek S, Haygood MG, Rosovitz MJ, Ravel J, Schmidt EW: Natural combinatorial peptide libraries in cyanobacterial symbionts of marine ascidians. Nature chemical biology 2006, 2(12):729-735.

    • Dempsey MP, Nietfeldt J, Ravel J, Hinrichs S, Crawford R, Benson AK: Paired-end sequence mapping detects extensive genomic rearrangement and translocation during divergence of Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis and Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica populations. Journal of bacteriology 2006, 188(16):5904-5914.

    • Zwick ME, McAfee F, Cutler DJ, Read TD, Ravel J, Bowman GR, Galloway DR, Mateczun A: Microarray-based resequencing of multiple Bacillus anthracis isolates. Genome biology 2005, 6(1):R10.

    • Schmidt EW, Nelson JT, Rasko DA, Sudek S, Eisen JA, Haygood MG, Ravel J: Patellamide A and C biosynthesis by a microcin-like pathway in Prochloron didemni, the cyanobacterial symbiont of Lissoclinum patella. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005, 102(20):7315-7320.

    • Ravel J, Fraser CM: Genomics at the genus scale. Trends in microbiology 2005, 13(3):95-97.

    • Rasko DA, Myers GS, Ravel J: Visualization of comparative genomic analyses by BLAST score ratio. BMC bioinformatics 2005, 6:2.

    • Rasko DA, Altherr MR, Han CS, Ravel J: Genomics of the Bacillus cereus group of organisms. FEMS microbiology reviews 2005, 29(2):303-329.

    • Paulsen IT, Press CM, Ravel J, Kobayashi DY, Myers GS, Mavrodi DV, DeBoy RT, Seshadri R, Ren Q, Madupu R et al: Complete genome sequence of the plant commensal Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5. Nature biotechnology 2005, 23(7):873-878.

    • Gill SR, Fouts DE, Archer GL, Mongodin EF, Deboy RT, Ravel J, Paulsen IT, Kolonay JF, Brinkac L, Beanan M et al: Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. Journal of bacteriology 2005, 187(7):2426-2438.

    • Fouts DE, Mongodin EF, Mandrell RE, Miller WG, Rasko DA, Ravel J, Brinkac LM, DeBoy RT, Parker CT, Daugherty SC et al: Major structural differences and novel potential virulence mechanisms from the genomes of multiple campylobacter species. PLoS biology 2005, 3(1):e15.

    • Budowle B, Schutzer SE, Ascher MS, Atlas RM, Burans JP, Chakraborty R, Dunn JJ, Fraser CM, Franz DR, Leighton TJ et al: Toward a system of microbial forensics: from sample collection to interpretation of evidence. Applied and environmental microbiology 2005, 71(5):2209-2213.

    • Ward N, Larsen O, Sakwa J, Bruseth L, Khouri H, Durkin AS, Dimitrov G, Jiang L, Scanlan D, Kang KH et al: Genomic insights into methanotrophy: the complete genome sequence of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath). PLoS biology 2004, 2(10):e303.

    • Rasko DA, Ravel J, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Cer RZ, Jiang L, Shores KA, Fouts DE, Tourasse NJ, Angiuoli SV et al: The genome sequence of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 reveals metabolic adaptations and a large plasmid related to Bacillus anthracis pXO1. Nucleic acids research 2004, 32(3):977-988.

    • Pearson T, Busch JD, Ravel J, Read TD, Rhoton SD, U'Ren JM, Simonson TS, Kachur SM, Leadem RR, Cardon ML et al: Phylogenetic discovery bias in Bacillus anthracis using single-nucleotide polymorphisms from whole-genome sequencing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2004, 101(37):13536-13541.

    • Nelson KE, Fouts DE, Mongodin EF, Ravel J, DeBoy RT, Kolonay JF, Rasko DA, Angiuoli SV, Gill SR, Paulsen IT et al: Whole genome comparisons of serotype 4b and 1/2a strains of the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes reveal new insights into the core genome components of this species. Nucleic acids research 2004, 32(8):2386-2395.

    • Liu H, Bergman NH, Thomason B, Shallom S, Hazen A, Crossno J, Rasko DA, Ravel J, Read TD, Peterson SN et al: Formation and composition of the Bacillus anthracis endospore. Journal of bacteriology 2004, 186(1):164-178.

    • Hoffmaster AR, Ravel J, Rasko DA, Chapman GD, Chute MD, Marston CK, De BK, Sacchi CT, Fitzgerald C, Mayer LW et al: Identification of anthrax toxin genes in a Bacillus cereus associated with an illness resembling inhalation anthrax. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2004, 101(22):8449-8454.

    • Gunsior M, Ravel J, Challis GL, Townsend CA: Engineering p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase to a p-hydroxymandelate synthase and evidence for the proposed benzene oxide intermediate in homogentisate formation. Biochemistry 2004, 43(3):663-674.

    • Gunsior M, Breazeale SD, Lind AJ, Ravel J, Janc JW, Townsend CA: The biosynthetic gene cluster for a monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, nocardicin A. Chemistry & biology 2004, 11(7):927-938.

    • Baer ML, Ravel J, Pineiro SA, Guether-Borg D, Williams HN: Reclassification of salt-water Bdellovibrio sp. as Bacteriovorax marinus sp. nov. and Bacteriovorax litoralis sp. nov. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 2004, 54(Pt 4):1011-1016.

    • Ravel J, Cornelis P: Genomics of pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake in pseudomonads. Trends in microbiology 2003, 11(5):195-200.

    • Ramaiah N, Ravel J, Straube WL, Hill RT, Colwell RR: Entry of Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio fischeri into the viable but nonculturable state. Journal of applied microbiology 2002, 93(1):108-116.

    • Mossialos D, Ochsner U, Baysse C, Chablain P, Pirnay JP, Koedam N, Budzikiewicz H, Fernandez DU, Schafer M, Ravel J et al: Identification of new, conserved, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases from fluorescent pseudomonads involved in the biosynthesis of the siderophore pyoverdine. Molecular microbiology 2002, 45(6):1673-1685.

    • Ravel J, Wellington EM, Hill RT: Interspecific transfer of Streptomyces giant linear plasmids in sterile amended soil microcosms. Applied and environmental microbiology 2000, 66(2):529-534.

    • Ravel J, DiRuggiero J, Robb FT, Hill RT: Cloning and sequence analysis of the mercury resistance operon of Streptomyces sp. Strain CHR28 reveals a novel putative second regulatory gene. Journal of bacteriology 2000, 182(8):2345-2349.

    • Ramaiah N, Hill RT, Chun J, Ravel J, Matte MH, Straube WL, Colwell RR: Use of a chiA probe for detection of chitinase genes in bacteria from the Chesapeake Bay(1). FEMS microbiology ecology 2000, 34(1):63-71.

    • Ramaiah N, Chun J, Ravel J, Straube WL, Hill RT, Colwell RR: Detection of luciferase gene sequences in nonluminescent bacteria from the Chesapeake Bay. FEMS microbiology ecology 2000, 33(1):27-34.

    • Challis GL, Ravel J, Townsend CA: Predictive, structure-based model of amino acid recognition by nonribosomal peptide synthetase adenylation domains. Chemistry & biology 2000, 7(3):211-224.

    • Challis GL, Ravel J: Coelichelin, a new peptide siderophore encoded by the Streptomyces coelicolor genome: structure prediction from the sequence of its non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. FEMS microbiology letters 2000, 187(2):111-114.

    • Baer ML, Ravel J, Chun J, Hill RT, Williams HN: A proposal for the reclassification of Bdellovibrio stolpii and Bdellovibrio starrii into a new genus, Bacteriovorax gen. nov. as Bacteriovorax stolpii comb. nov. and Bacteriovorax starrii comb. nov., respectively. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 2000, 50 Pt 1:219-224.

    • Wommack KE, Ravel J, Hill RT, Colwell RR: Hybridization analysis of chesapeake bay virioplankton. Applied and environmental microbiology 1999, 65(1):241-250.

    • Wommack KE, Ravel J, Hill RT, Chun J, Colwell RR: Population dynamics of chesapeake bay virioplankton: total-community analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Applied and environmental microbiology 1999, 65(1):231-240.

    • Ravel J, Schrempf H, Hill RT: Mercury resistance is encoded by transferable giant linear plasmids in two chesapeake bay Streptomyces strains. Applied and environmental microbiology 1998, 64(9):3383-3388.

    • Ravel J, Amoroso MJ, Colwell RR, Hill RT: Mercury-resistant actinomycetes from the Chesapeake Bay. FEMS microbiology letters 1998, 162(1):177-184.

    • DiRuggiero J, Santangelo N, Nackerdien Z, Ravel J, Robb FT: Repair of extensive ionizing-radiation DNA damage at 95 degrees C in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. Journal of bacteriology 1997, 179(14):4643-4645.

    • Ravel J, Knight IT, Monahan CE, Hill RT, Colwell RR: Temperature-induced recovery of Vibrio cholerae from the viable but nonculturable state: growth or resuscitation? Microbiology (Reading, England) 1995, 141 ( Pt 2):377-383.

    • Ravel J, Hill RT, Colwell RR: Isolation of a Vibrio cholerae transposon-mutant with an altered viable but nonculturable response. FEMS microbiology letters 1994, 120(1-2):57-61.